Pedram Alamdari, Mousa Rejvani, Samaneh Alinejadi, Seyfolah Saedodin, Elias Toozandeh Jani
{"title":"基于所需饱和效率下的压降的直接蒸发冷却系统最佳设计:成本效益优化","authors":"Pedram Alamdari, Mousa Rejvani, Samaneh Alinejadi, Seyfolah Saedodin, Elias Toozandeh Jani","doi":"10.1007/s40997-023-00729-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, saturation efficiency and pressure drop, two critical parameters for the direct evaporative cooling phenomenon, were numerically investigated and optimized. For this purpose, the direct evaporative cooling process was simulated at inlet air velocities in the range of 1–3 m/s on different thicknesses of CELdek 7090 evaporative cooling pad from 100 to 300 mm. The mathematical model of pressure drop and saturation efficiency was developed by analyzing variance at <i>R</i>-squared values of 99.53% and 99.99%, respectively. Finally, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was applied to minimize the pressure drop while maximizing the saturation efficiency simultaneously. The results indicate that applying mathematical models makes it possible to predict the saturation efficiency and pressure drop of direct evaporative cooling systems with a 4% and 7.9% deviation, respectively. It can also be concluded that the pad thickness effect is more significant on the saturation efficiency than on the pressure drop. On the other hand, the inlet velocity has a greater impact on the pressure drop. NSGA-II optimization demonstrated that, regardless of the pad thickness, optimal saturation efficiency and pressure drop were obtained at the inlet air velocity of 1 m/s. Accordingly, when using direct evaporative cooling systems, efficiency and pressure drop can be optimized whenever the fan is set at a low speed. Depending on the researchers’ and designers’ goals, the findings of this research can be used in the design of direct evaporative cooling systems for different applications to achieve maximal saturation efficiency at the minimum possible energy consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":49063,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Best Design for a Direct Evaporative Cooling System Based on Pressure Drop at Desired Saturation Efficiency: A Cost–Benefit Optimization\",\"authors\":\"Pedram Alamdari, Mousa Rejvani, Samaneh Alinejadi, Seyfolah Saedodin, Elias Toozandeh Jani\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s40997-023-00729-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>In this study, saturation efficiency and pressure drop, two critical parameters for the direct evaporative cooling phenomenon, were numerically investigated and optimized. For this purpose, the direct evaporative cooling process was simulated at inlet air velocities in the range of 1–3 m/s on different thicknesses of CELdek 7090 evaporative cooling pad from 100 to 300 mm. The mathematical model of pressure drop and saturation efficiency was developed by analyzing variance at <i>R</i>-squared values of 99.53% and 99.99%, respectively. Finally, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was applied to minimize the pressure drop while maximizing the saturation efficiency simultaneously. The results indicate that applying mathematical models makes it possible to predict the saturation efficiency and pressure drop of direct evaporative cooling systems with a 4% and 7.9% deviation, respectively. It can also be concluded that the pad thickness effect is more significant on the saturation efficiency than on the pressure drop. On the other hand, the inlet velocity has a greater impact on the pressure drop. NSGA-II optimization demonstrated that, regardless of the pad thickness, optimal saturation efficiency and pressure drop were obtained at the inlet air velocity of 1 m/s. Accordingly, when using direct evaporative cooling systems, efficiency and pressure drop can be optimized whenever the fan is set at a low speed. Depending on the researchers’ and designers’ goals, the findings of this research can be used in the design of direct evaporative cooling systems for different applications to achieve maximal saturation efficiency at the minimum possible energy consumption.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49063,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of Mechanical Engineering\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of Mechanical Engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-023-00729-8\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of Mechanical Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-023-00729-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Best Design for a Direct Evaporative Cooling System Based on Pressure Drop at Desired Saturation Efficiency: A Cost–Benefit Optimization
In this study, saturation efficiency and pressure drop, two critical parameters for the direct evaporative cooling phenomenon, were numerically investigated and optimized. For this purpose, the direct evaporative cooling process was simulated at inlet air velocities in the range of 1–3 m/s on different thicknesses of CELdek 7090 evaporative cooling pad from 100 to 300 mm. The mathematical model of pressure drop and saturation efficiency was developed by analyzing variance at R-squared values of 99.53% and 99.99%, respectively. Finally, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was applied to minimize the pressure drop while maximizing the saturation efficiency simultaneously. The results indicate that applying mathematical models makes it possible to predict the saturation efficiency and pressure drop of direct evaporative cooling systems with a 4% and 7.9% deviation, respectively. It can also be concluded that the pad thickness effect is more significant on the saturation efficiency than on the pressure drop. On the other hand, the inlet velocity has a greater impact on the pressure drop. NSGA-II optimization demonstrated that, regardless of the pad thickness, optimal saturation efficiency and pressure drop were obtained at the inlet air velocity of 1 m/s. Accordingly, when using direct evaporative cooling systems, efficiency and pressure drop can be optimized whenever the fan is set at a low speed. Depending on the researchers’ and designers’ goals, the findings of this research can be used in the design of direct evaporative cooling systems for different applications to achieve maximal saturation efficiency at the minimum possible energy consumption.
期刊介绍:
Transactions of Mechanical Engineering is to foster the growth of scientific research in all branches of mechanical engineering and its related grounds and to provide a medium by means of which the fruits of these researches may be brought to the attentionof the world’s scientific communities. The journal has the focus on the frontier topics in the theoretical, mathematical, numerical, experimental and scientific developments in mechanical engineering as well
as applications of established techniques to new domains in various mechanical engineering disciplines such as: Solid Mechanics, Kinematics, Dynamics Vibration and Control, Fluids Mechanics, Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, Energy and Environment, Computational Mechanics, Bio Micro and Nano Mechanics and Design and Materials Engineering & Manufacturing.
The editors will welcome papers from all professors and researchers from universities, research centers,
organizations, companies and industries from all over the world in the hope that this will advance the scientific standards of the journal and provide a channel of communication between Iranian Scholars and their colleague in other parts of the world.