Medical and demographic indicators of the rural population over working age in the Republic of Tatarstan.

Demographic aging of the population is especially pronounced in rural areas and has regional differences. Purpose of the study: based on the analysis of medical and demographic indicators of mortality and morbidity of the rural population over working age in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT), to develop proposals for the health of rural residents. Methods and materials: analytical, statistical, Rosstat data and statistical materials from the Federal State Budgetary Institution “TsNIIOIZ” of the Russian Ministry of Health (2019–2022). Results. During the years of pension reform (2019–2023), the number of rural population in the Republic of Tatarstan increased slightly – from 922,3 to 930,3 thousand (0,9%), while the share of the rural population over working age decreased from 28,6 up to 27,5% (in the Russian Federation the figure is lower – 25,5%). The mortality rates of the rural population in the Republic of Tatarstan were significantly higher for all years of analysis: in 2013 they were 15,5‰ for the rural population, 11,0 for the urban population. During the years of COVID‑19, mortality rates increased and amounted to 18,9‰ for the rural population in 2021, 14,4‰ for the urban population, and decreased in 2022 and amounted to 14.1 and 10,3‰, respectively. The primary morbidity rate of the rural population in the Russian Federation (2022) was 64755,2 per 100 thousand rural population, in the Republic of Tatarstan it was lower – 52598,4‰îî. There is a large difference in the indicators in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation – 13,6 times. The newly identified morbidity in the rural population over working age in the Republic of Tatarstan is lower than 48996,2‰îî than in the entire rural population 52598,4‰îî, while the older population has the highest rates of primary morbidity due to diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the bones, muscular system and connective tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system, diseases of the nervous system, neoplasms, etc. In this age group, the incidence of COVID‑19 is higher. The results of the study should be taken into account for the development of management decisions at the regional level, as well as when implementing programs for rehabilitation and medical examination of older patients.