吸食大麻与精神科住院青少年过去 30 天的自杀未遂和自杀意念有关

Sarah A. Thomas PhD , Elizabeth C. Thompson PhD , Micaela M. Maron BS , Samuel N. Meisel PhD , Anthony Spirito PhD , Jennifer C. Wolff PhD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的越来越多的证据表明青少年大麻使用(CU)与自杀念头和行为有关。CU可能与发展中的精神症状和自我用药有关。虽然相对较新,但吸食大麻的青少年越来越多。本图表回顾调查评估了经历急性精神症状的青少年吸食大麻与自杀念头和行为之间的关系。方法选取青少年470例(11 ~ 18岁;(64%为女性)在2021年至2023年期间住进精神病院。青少年完成了一系列评估,测量CU、精神症状、自杀想法和行为。单独的回归测试了吸食大麻与两种结果之间的联系——过去30天的自杀企图和自杀意念(SI)——控制了年龄和生理性别。结果该样本中有26.8%的人报告过去30天内有自杀企图;44.3%的人承认曾经使用过大麻,31.5%的人报告过去30天吸食大麻。在曾经使用过大麻的青少年中,30.8%的人报告说他们最常用的方法是吸电子烟。吸电子烟是吸食大麻最常见的方法,与过去30天内的自杀企图有关(调整后的优势比= 2.38,p = 0.002),与更高的SI有关(b = 8.71, p = 0.020)。在控制了抑郁症状、冲动控制、心理社会障碍和过去30天的药物使用后,自杀企图的相关性仍然显著,但自杀自杀的相关性仅显着(p = 0.087)。结论电子烟是最常见的自杀方式,与自杀企图和SI显著相关。因为数据是横断面的,所以不能推断出因果关系。尽管如此,大麻电子烟对于评估有严重精神问题的青少年很重要,因为它可能使他们有更高的自杀念头和尝试的风险。与其他给药方式相比,吸电子烟可以提供更高效力的大麻,青少年越来越多地吸电子烟来消费大麻。这项对一家精神病院住院的470名青少年进行的图表回顾研究发现,吸电子烟是使用大麻最常见的方式。与从未使用或吸食大麻作为主要方法的青少年相比,吸电子烟的青少年在过去30天内自杀未遂的可能性更大,自杀念头更严重。成年人应该意识到青少年是如何吸食大麻的,特别是在精神疾病的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cannabis Vaping Is Associated With Past 30-Day Suicide Attempts and Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents in a Psychiatric Inpatient Setting

Objective

Increasing evidence links adolescent cannabis use (CU) to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. CU may be associated with both developing and self-medicating psychiatric symptoms. Although relatively new, cannabis vaping is increasing among adolescents. This chart review investigation evaluated the association between cannabis vaping and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents experiencing acute psychiatric symptomatology.

Method

The sample included 470 adolescents (ages 11-18; 64% biological female) admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital between 2021 and 2023. Adolescents completed an assessment battery measuring CU, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Separate regressions tested links between cannabis vaping and 2 outcomes—past 30-day suicide attempt and suicidal ideation (SI)—controlling for age and biological sex.

Results

In this sample, 26.8% reported past 30-day suicide attempts; 44.3% endorsed ever using cannabis, and 31.5% reported past 30-day CU. Of adolescents who ever used cannabis, 30.8% reported their most frequent method was vaping. Vaping as the most frequent cannabis method was associated with past 30-day suicide attempts (adjusted odds ratio = 2.38, p = .002) and greater SI (b = 8.71, p = .020). The association remained significant for suicide attempts, but only marginally significant for SI (p = .087), after controlling for depressive symptoms, impulse control, psychosocial impairment, and past 30-day substance use.

Conclusion

Vaping as the most frequent method of CU was significantly associated with suicide attempts and SI. Because data are cross-sectional, causality cannot be inferred. Nonetheless, cannabis vaping is important to assess among adolescents with acute psychiatric concerns because it may place them at higher risk for suicidal thoughts and attempts.

Plain language summary

Vaping can deliver higher potency cannabis than other routes of administration, and adolescents are increasingly vaping to consume cannabis. This chart review study of 470 adolescents admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital found that vaping is the most frequent way of using cannabis. Vaping was associated with a greater likelihood of a past 30-day suicide attempt and worse suicidal thoughts compared to adolescents who never used or who smoked cannabis as their primary method. Adults should be aware of how adolescents are consuming cannabis, especially if it is occurring in the context of psychiatric disorders.
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JAACAP open
JAACAP open Psychiatry and Mental Health
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