Female-to-male (FtM) transgender individuals’ multimodal and interactional practices in Japanese

This study explores the multimodal and interactional practices of female-to-male (FtM) transgender individuals in Japanese, focusing on their identity construction. Most previous studies on transgender identity in Japanese contexts examine male-to-female (MtF) transgender individuals’ linguistic practices, particularly the use of so-called Japanese women’s language. In contrast, this study explores how FtM individuals use not only linguistic but also other semiotic resources to construct and negotiate their gender and sexual identities. The study utilizes empirical data such as YouTube videos and draws on multimodal conversation analysis (CA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA) to analyze the participants’ accomplishment of social actions. The findings demonstrate the use of various resources for identity construction and how the participants challenge and/or conform to hegemonic gender ideologies. The study also unveils both the diversity among FtM transgender people (inter-individual variation) and the fluidity and complexity of identities that can exist within one person (intra-individual variation).