Enabling the design for circularity through circularity measures: breaking down the R-strategies into useful design measures

Implementing a product design that incorporates circular economy aspects is a highly intricate task. Its complexity stems from various aspects, such as the interdependent solution space and the challenge to evaluate the impact of circular design in early development phases. To facilitate informed decision-making, a support system is necessary that integrates product-oriented circular measures, and derives their effect on the product's design and its circularity. We present an approach for such a support system, including its evaluation on the design of an automotive center console.