印度打击 COVID-19 的州际差距:各邦的效率估算

Shrabanti Maity, Anup Sinha
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摘要

目前,COVID-19 是世界上最致命的威胁。由于其对健康和经济造成的后果,它已成为经济面临的严峻挑战。本文旨在根据二手数据,探讨印度各邦在抗击 COVID-19 方面的效率差异。此外,本文还试图找出导致抵御这一致命病毒效率低下的因素。采用随机生产前沿分析法对各州之间的效率进行了衡量。实证结果表明,在印度各邦中,比哈尔邦抗击 COVID-19 的效率最高。前沿模型的实证估计结果显示,医生、护士、警力、隔离病床和热点地区的数量对印度各邦 COVID-19 的治愈率有显著的正向影响。无效率效应模型的实证结果表明,老年人比例和城市化反向影响了抗击病毒的效率,而有利的性别比率、识字率、正规受薪就业、数字化和农村化则刺激了相关邦的效率。研究得出结论,有效利用现有的卫生基础设施,是加快从这一流行病中恢复的当务之急。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interstate Disparity in Combating COVID-19 in India: Efficiency Estimate Across States
Currently, COVID-19 is the most lethal menace in the world. Due to its health and economic consequences, it becomes a serious challenge for the economy. The present article aims to explore India’s interstate disparities of efficiency in combating COVID-19 based on secondary data. Besides, an attempt has been made to pinpoint the factors responsible for the inefficiency of resisting this deadly virus. The interstate efficiency measurement is facilitated by applying stochastic production frontier analysis. The empirical result divulges that among the Indian states, Bihar is the most efficient in combating COVID-19. The empirical estimation of the frontier model discloses that the number of doctors, nurses, police force, isolation beds and hotspots positively and significantly influence the recovery rate from COVID-19 in Indian states. The empirical results of the inefficiency effects model suggest that the share of elderly and urbanisation reversely influence the efficiency in combating the virus, while favourable sex ratio, literacy rate, regular salaried employment, digitalisation and ruralisation stimulate the efficiency of the concerned state. The study concludes that efficient utilisation, coupled with the advancement of the existing health infrastructure, is imperative for the acceleration of the recovery rate from this pandemic.
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