莱姆病疫苗预防的当前策略

N. Kolyasnikova, E. A. Artamonova, A. A. Erovichenkov, S. K. Pylaeva, A. V. Belyakova, A. Ishmukhametov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

相关性。莱姆病(LD)仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题,尤其是在发病率居高不下的俄罗斯。迄今为止,仍没有针对莱姆病的可用疫苗,预防措施也不具针对性。目的:回顾文献,总结有关 LD 疫苗开发的进展、方法和策略的数据。结论。第一批 LD 疫苗于 20 世纪 90 年代研发成功。以 OspA 为基础的疫苗(LYMErix)在 2000 年代初投入市场,但并未广泛销售。LD 疫苗开发过程中的一个重要里程碑是从开发基于单一类型外表面蛋白的单价疫苗转向开发多价组合疫苗,以提供对不同包柔氏病基因种群的保护。一种基于 OspA 的多价疫苗(VLA15)正在进行 III 期临床试验,很可能成为下一个上市的 LD 疫苗。疫苗开发的新基因策略、新免疫原的鉴定以及针对 LD 传播周期不同环节的疫苗开发,对 LD 疫苗的进一步开发具有广泛的意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Current Strategies for Vaccine Prophylaxis of Lyme Disease
Relevance. Lyme disease (LD) remains an important public health problem, especially in Russia, where the incidence is consistently high. To date, there is still no available vaccine against LD, and prevention involves non-specific measures. Aim: to review the literature and summarise data on progress, approaches and strategies for LD vaccine development. Conclusions. The first LD vaccines were developed in the 1990s. An OspA-based vaccine (LYMErix) was commercially available in the early 2000s but not widely distributed. An important milestone in the development of LD vaccines was the shift from the development of monovalent vaccines based on a single type of outer surface protein to the development of multivalent combinations that provide protection against different Borrelia genospecies. A multivalent OspA-based vaccine (VLA15) is in phase III clinical trials and is likely to be the next LD vaccine available on the market. New genetic strategies for vaccine development, identification of new immunogens, and development of vaccines targeting different parts of the LD transmission cycle are of broad interest for further development of LD vaccines.
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