利用活性炭对水中的重金属离子进行生物吸附

Adekunle Olorunlowo David, Jude K. Omotosho, O. Opafola, Van Nam Thai, Olukunle O. Akisanya
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摘要

排放受重金属污染的废水已成为全球研究人员日益关注的问题。本研究评估了商用活性炭和稻壳活性炭作为吸附剂去除水中铜离子的效率。将稻壳过筛后得到标称尺寸为 1 毫米的活性炭,用蒸馏水清洗,在 80 ℃ 的烘箱中干燥 12 小时,然后在 550 ℃ 的炉中热解 30 分钟。产生的炭随后风干,然后用柠檬汁进行活化。对从市场上购买的稻壳活性炭(RHAC)和商用活性炭(CAC)进行了以下分析:体积密度、X 射线荧光(XRF)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散 X 射线(EDX),以确定吸附剂的特性,了解它们是否适合去除水中的铜离子。吸附剂的特性之一是孔隙大,扫描电镜分析表明活性炭具有这种特性。同样,XRF 和 EDX 分析也证实,吸附剂中二氧化硅(50.1 - 50.25%)、碳(60.06 - 84.87 wt .%)和氧(15.13 - 21.60 wt.%)的比例较大,这是一种良好吸附剂的特性。BET 分析表明,稻壳活性炭和商用活性炭的表面积分别为 998.35 和 1208.25 m2/g。稻壳活性炭和商用活性炭的体积密度分别为 0.3325 和 0.2812 g/cm3。稻壳活性炭在 60 ℃ 和 120 分钟时的最大去除率分别为 83.96 % 和 89.21 %,而商用活性炭在 60 ℃ 和 30 分钟时的最大去除率分别为 84.61 % 和 83.3 %。据观察,初始浓度为 20 毫克/升时,两种活性炭试样的去除率最高。对 CAC 和 RHAC 而言,初始浓度、温度和接触时间对去除效率的模拟影响得出的 R2 值分别为 1、0.918、1,1 和 1,1。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
BIO-ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METAL ION FROM WATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON
The discharge of effluent polluted with heavy metals have become a growing concern for researchers around the world. This study evaluated the removal efficiency of commercial activated carbon and rice husk activated carbon as adsorbents for the removal of copper ion in water. A nominal size of 1 mm was obtained after sieving the Rice Husk, washed with distilled water, dried in an oven t at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, and pyrolyzed in a furnace at 550 ℃ for 30 minutes. The chars produced were later air-dried and then activated with lemon juice. The Rice Husk Activated Carbon (RHAC) and Commercial Activated Carbon (CAC) purchased from the market were both subjected to the following analyses: bulk density, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) in order to characterise the adsorbents and to understand their suitability for the removal of copper ion in water. One of the properties of an adsorbent is large pores which is exhibited by the activated carbons as revealed by the SEM analysis. Likewise, the XRF and EDX analyses confirmed that the adsorbents had larger proportion of Silica (50.1 – 50.25%), Carbon (60.06 – 84.87 wt .%) and Oxygen (15.13 – 21.60 wt. %) which is a property of a good adsorbent. BET analysis showed that the surface areas of the rice husk activated carbon and the commercial activated carbon were 998.35 and 1208.25 m2/g, respectively. The bulk densities of the rice husk activated carbon and the commercial activated carbon were 0.3325 and 0.2812 g/cm3, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency using RHAC was observed at 60 ℃ and 120 minutes at 83.96 and 89.21 %, respectively while for CAC the maximum removal efficiency was observed at 60 ℃ at 84.61 % and 30 minutes at 83.3 %. Initial concentration of 20 mg/l was observed to have the highest removal efficiency for the two activated carbon specimens. The modelled effect of initial concentration, temperature and contact time on removal efficiency yielded R2 values of 1, 0.918; 1,1 and 1,1 respectively for the CAC and RHAC.
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