针对老年人的数字健康技术实施情况:范围界定审查

Jeffrey W Jutai, Farah Hatoum, Devvrat Bhardwaj, Marjan Hosseini
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摘要

技术创新对老年人家庭护理的至关重要性毋庸置疑。但如何衡量技术创新的性能及其对向患有慢性疾病和残疾的老年人提供医疗保健服务的影响,这个问题却鲜为人知。要了解智能手机、平板电脑、可穿戴设备和环境辅助生活技术(AAL)系统等数字技术的 "工作 "情况,当然应包括评估其对老年人健康和日常生活能力的影响,但这并不能保证用户一定会采用这些技术,或医疗机构或医疗系统一定会实施这些技术。技术实施是一个有计划、有指导的活动过程,目的是在特定环境下启动、引入和支持技术,以创新或改善医疗保健,为在医疗保健实践中采用和推广技术提供证据。除了用户接受度和临床效果之外,还需要对其他因素进行调查。不了解这些因素可能会导致在 "采用决策 "阶段更有可能拒绝技术或延长采购决策时间,或在实施过程中延迟或不完全实施或中断(在最初采用后)。我们的研究旨在分析有关老年人数字健康技术有效性的研究,以回答 "这些研究在多大程度上解决了影响技术实施的因素 "这一问题。我们发现,数字技术研究在概念化、设计和方法论方面存在一些共同问题,这些问题导致了数字技术在家庭护理和长期护理中的实施步伐缓慢。我们建议建立一个框架,以提高这一关键领域的研究质量。系统综述注册:https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-f56rb-v1,标识符为osf-registrations-f56rb-v1。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Implementation of digital health technologies for older adults: a scoping review
The critical importance of technological innovation in home care for older adults is indisputable. Less well understood is the question of how to measure its performance and impact on the delivery of healthcare to older adults who are living with chronic illness and disability. Knowing how well digital technologies, such as smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, and Ambient Assisted Living Technologies (AAL) systems “work” should certainly include assessing their impact on older adults’ health and ability to function in daily living but that will not guarantee that it will necessarily be adopted by the user or implemented by a healthcare facility or the healthcare system. Technology implementation is a process of planned and guided activities to launch, introduce and support technologies in a certain context to innovate or improve healthcare, which delivers the evidence for adoption and upscaling a technology in healthcare practices. Factors in addition to user acceptance and clinical effectiveness require investigation. Failure to appreciate these factors can result in increased likelihood of technology rejection or protracted procurement decision at the “adoption decision” stage or delayed or incomplete implementation or discontinuance (following initial adoption) during implementation. The aim of our research to analyze research studies on the effectiveness of digital health technologies for older adults to answer the question, “How well do these studies address factors that affect the implementation of technology?” We found common problems with the conceptualization, design, and methodology in studies of digital technology that have contributed to the slow pace of implementation in home care and long-term care. We recommend a framework for improving the quality of research in this critical area.Systematic Review Registration:https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-f56rb-v1, identifier osf-registrations-f56rb-v1.
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