英国《卫报》和 CNN 在线新闻对克里米亚大桥爆炸事件的批判性语言学研究

Ika Ni'matin Ulya
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摘要

本研究采用罗杰-福勒(Roger Fowler)等人(1979 年)的批判语言学分析模型,重点分析《卫报》和 CNN 网络新闻文本中的语法类型和意识形态表征。然后,运用 Ruth Wodak(2001 年)的 "话语历史方法 "来了解本课题的历史背景。本研究采用描述性定性方法,以了解新闻文本中包含哪些语法类型,以及这些语法如何代表新闻的意识形态。爆炸发生的原因是俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的冲突。这一话题引起了公众的关注,因此《卫报》和 CNN 等网络新闻媒体都在讨论这一话题。此时,网络新闻媒体在传播信息方面发挥着重要作用,但事实上,网络新闻媒体使用的语言可能包含某些意识形态,有利于某一群体,而损害其他群体。根据罗杰-福勒等人(Roger Fowler et.al,1979 年)的批判语言学分析结果,发现这两家网络媒体的意识形态是反俄罗斯和亲乌克兰的。研究结果表明,《卫报》中有 28 种语法类型,CNN 中有 17 种语法策略。在这两家媒体中经常出现的语法类型是转换语法。在表现其意识形态时,两家网络媒体都经常使用负面词汇来对俄方进行负面评价。未来的研究人员可以利用不同的理论研究和研究对象开展分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Critical Linguistics of The Crimea Bridge Explosion on The Guardian and CNN Online News
This research focuses on analyzing the types of grammar and ideological representations in the news texts of The Guardian and CNN online news using the Critical Linguistics analysis model of Roger Fowler et.al (1979). Then the Discourse Historical Approach from Ruth Wodak (2001) is used to know the historical background of this topic. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to find out what types of grammar are contained in the news text and how the grammar represents the ideology of the news. The explosion occurred as a result of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This topic has attracted public attention, therefore, online news media such as The Guardian and CNN are discussing it. At this time online news media plays an important role in disseminating information, but in fact the language used in online news media can contain certain ideologies that benefit one group and harm other groups. Based on the results of Critical Linguistics analysis from Roger Fowler et.al (1979), it is found that the ideology of the two online media is anti-Russian and pro-Ukrainian. The findings of this study show that there are 28 types of grammar in The Guardian and 17 grammatical strategies in CNN. The type of grammar that often appears from both media is transitivity grammar. In representing their ideology, both online media often use negative lexical choices to give negative references to the Russian side. Future researchers can develop their analysis by using different theoretical studies and objects.  
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