通过响应面方法优化提取大麻叶的生物活性化合物

Theodoros G. Chatzimitakos, V. Athanasiadis, Ioannis Makrygiannis, Dimitris Kalompatsios, Eleni Bozinou, S. Lalas
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摘要

大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)是大麻科(Cannabaceae)的一种药用植物。为了采用以水为溶剂的传统搅拌工艺高效萃取大麻叶,研究人员通过响应面方法(RSM)对三个关键的萃取参数(即萃取时间、液固比和温度)进行了研究。提取的生物活性化合物(多酚、抗坏血酸和类胡萝卜素)的浓度在 RSM 设计点上显示出显著的变化,这表明找到最佳提取条件的重要性,其中液固比和提取温度的影响最大。对最佳萃取物进行了进一步分析,采用了几种检测方法来确定其多酚含量、类胡萝卜素总含量、颜色评价、抗炎活性,以及通过 FRAP、DPPH 和 H2O2 检测的抗氧化能力。为了获得尽可能高的多酚产量,需要在 50 °C、低提取时间(30 分钟)和高液固比(50:1)条件下进行提取。在最佳条件下,多酚的总含量被测定为 9.76 毫克没食子酸当量/克,其中没食子苷是荠菜提取物中含量最高的多酚(1.51 毫克/克)。抗坏血酸含量为 282.23 微克/克,类胡萝卜素总量为 356.98 微克/克。相关分析表明,抗炎活性与特定多酚呈负相关。通过 DPPH(27.43 μmol 抗坏血酸当量 (AAE)/g)、FRAP(49.79 μmol AAE/g)和 H2O2(230.95 μmol AAE/g)测定,优化的水提取物显示出很高的抗氧化能力。此外,它还显示出相当高的抗炎活性(17.89%),在特定提取条件下有可能提高到 75.12%。鉴于水提取物的高附加值,本研究的结果凸显了荠菜叶作为改善健康的抗氧化化合物来源在制药和食品行业的潜在用途。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bioactive Compound Extraction of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Leaves through Response Surface Methodology Optimization
Hemp, commonly known as Cannabis sativa L., is a medicinal plant species of the Cannabaceae family. For the efficient extraction of C. sativa leaves using the conventional stirring process with water as the solvent, three crucial extraction parameters (i.e., extraction duration, liquid–solid ratio, and temperature) were investigated through the response surface methodology (RSM). The concentrations of the extracted bioactive compounds (polyphenols, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids) showed significant variations in the RSM design points, suggesting the importance of finding the optimal extraction conditions in which liquid–solid ratio and extraction temperature were found to have the highest impact. Further analysis was conducted on the optimal extract employing several assays to determine their polyphenol content, total carotenoid content, color evaluation, anti-inflammatory activity, and antioxidant capacity through FRAP, DPPH, and H2O2 assays. Α low extraction time (30 min) at 50 °C and a high liquid–solid ratio (50:1) were required for the highest possible yield of polyphenols. The total polyphenol content was determined to be 9.76 mg gallic acid equivalents/g under optimum conditions, with pelargonin being the most abundant polyphenol (1.51 mg/g) in C. sativa extracts. Ascorbic acid was measured at 282.23 μg/g and total carotenoids at 356.98 μg/g. Correlation analyses revealed that anti-inflammatory activity was negatively correlated with specific polyphenols. As determined by DPPH (27.43 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g), FRAP (49.79 μmol AAE/g), and H2O2 (230.95 μmol AAE/g) assays, the optimized aqueous extract showed a high antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, it demonstrated considerable anti-inflammatory activity at 17.89%, with the potential to increase to 75.12% under particular extraction conditions. Given the high added-value of the aqueous extracts, the results of this study highlight the potential utility of C. sativa leaves as a source of health-improving antioxidant compounds in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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