碳对金属稳定和降低土壤植物毒性的影响以及健康风险评估

IF 3.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI:10.3390/resources13050066

A. Pusz, M. Wiśniewska, Arkadiusz Kamiński, Peter Knosala, D. Rogalski

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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管在开发和应用金属污染土壤修复技术方面取得了显著成绩，但人们仍在继续寻找和研究有前景的固定剂。本文介绍了一种使用褐煤和活性炭的新方法，以及它们在金属稳定方面的应用。我们进行了一项实验，在工业区受到不同程度的铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）和镍（Ni）污染的土壤中添加碳，对恶臭草（Medicago falcata L.）进行测试。这种植物是一种耐压豆科植物。本研究测定了土壤中金属的总含量和植物可利用的金属形式（用 0.02 M 乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）进行单次提取），以及植物体内的金属含量。碳的使用降低了植物可利用的金属形式，从而减少了土壤的植物毒性。根部和芽中的受测金属含量低于未添加碳的土壤组合。与在未添加碳的土壤上生长的植物相比，活性碳比褐煤更能限制金属的可用性；嫩枝中金属含量的降低百分比为：铬（18.2%）>锌（11.5%）>镍（10.7%）>铜（10.3%）>镉（8.9%）>铅（2.4%）；根中铜（13.3%）>铬（12.5%）>锌（10.5%）>铅（9.0%）>镍（5.7%）>镉（4.6%）。金属使恶叶草根的生长量从 44% 降至 21%，而芽的生长量则从 25% 降至 2%。在所有组合的土壤中添加碳元素都会降低以下污染指数：污染指数 (PI)、污染负荷指数 (PLI)、非致癌风险因子 (HQ) 和致癌风险因子 (ILCR)。

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Influence of Carbons on Metal Stabilization and the Reduction in Soil Phytotoxicity with the Assessment of Health Risks

Despite notable achievements in the development and application of the remediation of metal-contaminated soils, the search for and study of promising immobilizing agents continues. This article presents a new approach to using brown coal and activated carbon and their application for metal stabilization. An experiment was conducted to test Medicago falcata L. on soils from industrial areas contaminated with varying levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) with the addition of carbons. This plant is a stress-tolerant leguminous species. In this study, the total content of metals in soil and the available forms to plants (single extractions with 0.02 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA) were determined, along with metal contents in the plant. The use of carbons lowered the phytoavailable forms of metals for plants and thus, resulted in a reduction in the phytotoxicity of the soils. The contents of the tested metals in the roots and shoots were lower than in the combinations of soils with no carbon added. The activated carbon had a stronger effect on limiting the availability of metals than brown coal in relation to plants growing on soils without added carbon; the percentage of reduction for the shoots was Cr (18.2%) > Zn (11.5%) > Ni (10.7%) > Cu (10.3%) > Cd (8.9%) > Pb (2.4%) and Cu (13.3%) > Cr (12.5%) > Zn (10.5%) > Pb (9.0%) > Ni (5.7%) > Cd (4.6%) for roots. Metals reduced the growth of Medicago falcata L. roots from 44 to 21%, while the growth of shoots was reduced from 25 to 2%. Adding carbons to soils in all combinations resulted in a decrease in the following pollution indices: pollution index (PI), pollution load index (PLI), and non-carcinogenic (HQ) and carcinogenic risk factors (ILCR).

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来源期刊

Resources Environmental Science-Nature and Landscape Conservation

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

6.10%

发文量

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Resources (ISSN 2079-9276) is an international, scholarly open access journal on the topic of natural resources. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications and short notes, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and methodical details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, unique features of this journal: manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed, electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. Subject Areas: natural resources, water resources, mineral resources, energy resources, land resources, plant and animal resources, genetic resources, ecology resources, resource management and policy, resources conservation and recycling.