孟加拉国实现绿色增长:环境可持续性指标审查

Rony Kumar Datta
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摘要

追求绿色增长对于孟加拉国从不可持续的经济轨迹过渡到更具可持续性和包容性的经济轨 迹至关重要。本研究之所以选择孟加拉国,是因为该国即将面临严重的经济和环境威胁。本研究旨在审查孟加拉国各种环境可持续性相关指标的现状,重点关注可再生能源消耗、淡水资源、水生产力、二氧化碳排放、能源强度、空气污染和自然资源租金。我们利用世界银行数据库获取了孟加拉国 2000 年至 2020 年的二级时间序列数据。作为一项描述性研究,我们采用了横截面和观察研究方法以及描述性统计和数字来阐明二手数据。数据显示,尽管存在相当大的差异,孟加拉国目前仍有 41.16% 的能源来自可再生能源。淡水供应量平均为人均 708.19 立方米,尽管存在差异,但高效的水资源生产率始终保持不变,这表明该国拥有健全的水资源管理系统。该国的碳足迹相对较低,人均二氧化碳排放量为 0.35 公吨,但能源强度水平各不相同,这凸显了提高效率措施的必要性。虽然普遍存在的 PM2.5 空气污染对健康构成了重大风险,但孟加拉国对自然资源租金的依赖凸显了可持续资源管理措施对长期经济稳定的重要性。本研究的观察结果可能有助于制定水资源管理系统、空气污染控制措施和生态保护政策,以促进孟加拉国的长期可持续发展目标和政策制定。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bangladesh towards green growth: a review of environmental sustainability indicators
Pursuing green growth is crucial for Bangladesh to transition from an unsustainable economic trajectory to a more sustainable and inclusive one. Bangladesh is picked for this study because of impending and severe economic and environmental threats. This study intends to review the present scenario of various environmental sustainability-related indicators in Bangladesh, focusing on renewable energy consumption, freshwater resources, water productivity, CO2 emissions, energy intensity, air pollution, and natural resource rents. The World Bank database has been utilized to obtain secondary time series data of Bangladesh spanning from 2000 to 2020. As a descriptive study, cross-sectional and observational research methods as well as descriptive statistics and figures are used to elucidate the secondary data. Data demonstrate that Bangladesh now generates 41.16% of its energy from renewables, despite considerable variability. Regardless of the variation in freshwater availability, averaging at 708.19 cubic meters per capita, efficient water productivity remains consistent, indicating a robust water management system. The country demonstrates a relatively low carbon footprint, emitting 0.35 metric tons of CO2 per capita, alongside varying energy intensity levels, highlighting the need for enhanced efficiency measures. While pervasive PM2.5 air pollution poses a significant health risk, Bangladesh's reliance on natural resource rents underscores the importance of sustainable resource management practices for long-term economic stability. The observations of this study might assist in the formulation of policies of water management systems, air pollution control initiatives, and conservation of ecology to promote Bangladesh's long-term sustainability objectives and formulate policies.  
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