巴西半干旱地区不同降雨情景下雨水灌溉玉米(玉米)的种植日历、农业气候和农业生态区划

Danilo Batista Nogueira, Alfredo Mendonça de Sousa, Alexsandro O. da Silva, Bruno Ricardo Silva Costa, Rafaela da Silva Arruda, F. Putti
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景 农作物的产量受可用净水平衡的影响,而可用净水平衡又依赖于复杂的环境和气候因素的相互作用。从这个意义上讲,降雨是作物生长和产量的主要水分输入,尤其是在全球半干旱气候的缺水地区。目的 本研究旨在确定塞阿拉州(主要位于巴西半干旱地区)雨水灌溉玉米的最佳种植日历以及农业气候和农业生态区,并假设不同的降雨情况。方法 我们考虑根据地区降雨模式将研究区域划分为八个同质降水区域。根据历史气象数据序列计算了每个地区二十年的气候水平衡,并假设了三种降雨情况:干旱、常雨和多雨。通过作物水分平衡结果、土壤分类、土地利用和占用、坡度和温度,并通过基于层次分析法的多标准决策分析进行加权,确定了农业气候区划。主要结果 在多雨条件下,建议的种植期更长。不过,在日历上两个 10 天的间隔期之间可能会出现一些干旱,根据干旱强度的不同,会影响植物生长。在干旱情况下,农业气候区划显示,边际缺水地区占研究区域的 96.55%。结论 在塞阿拉州半干旱气候条件下种植的雨水灌溉玉米在多雨条件下是可行的,在正常年份受到部分限制,而在干旱年份则不建议种植。意义 本研究强调了气候监测对于有效规划半干旱地区雨养玉米种植的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cropping calendar, agroclimatic and agroecological zoning for rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) under different rainfall scenarios in a semi-arid region of Brazil
Context The productivity of crops is influenced by the available net water balance, which relies on a complex interplay of edaphic and climatic factors. In this sense, rainfall is the leading water input for crop growth and yield, especially in water-scarce regions under semi-arid climates worldwide. Aims This study aimed to define the optimum cropping calendar and the agroclimatic and agroecological zones for rainfed maize in the state of Ceará, which is predominantly located within the Brazilian semi-arid region, assuming different rainfall scenarios. Methods We considered the subdivision of the study area into eight homogeneous precipitation regions according to the regional rainfall pattern. The climatic water balance for each region over two decades was calculated from historical weather data series, assuming three rainy scenarios: dry, regular, and rainy. The agroclimatic zoning was defined through the crop water balance results, soil classification, land use and occupation, slope and temperature, weighted through a multi-criteria decision analysis based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Key results The recommended planting period was broader in rainy conditions. However, there may be some dry spells between two 10-day intervals of the calendar, which impair plant growth depending on their intensity. For the dry scenario, the agroclimatic zoning showed that the marginal water deficiency covered 96.55% of the study area. Conclusions Rainfed maize cultivated under the semi-arid climate of Ceará state is viable in rainy conditions, partially restricted in regular years, and not recommended in dry years. Implications This study emphasises the importance of climate monitoring in effective planning for rainfed maize cultivation in semi-arid regions.
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