沧海桑田:追溯意大利亚得里亚海北部过去几千年的寄生动态

Geology Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI:10.1130/g52187.1
Erin Fitzgerald, Delaney Ryan, D. Scarponi, J. Huntley
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们的研究利用全新世岩心样本和现代死亡组合的数据来了解亚得里亚海北部(意大利)由人类引起的环境变化如何影响了具有重要经济价值的双壳贝类 Chamelea gallina 的寄生虫宿主动态。31 个放射性碳年代证实,在人类开始产生重大影响之前和之后的时期是截然不同的,并证实在过去 ∼ 2 千年中,吸虫流行率下降了一个数量级。每个双壳类寄生虫宿主和寄生虫聚集的寄生虫诱发坑的中位数也显著减少,这表明双壳类吸虫的有效种群规模大幅下降。坑洞大小的高斯有限混合物模型不支持寄生虫灭绝的假设。这些结果综合起来表明,随着人类对亚得里亚海的影响以及亚得里亚海向城市海域的过渡,C. gallina 的寄生虫-宿主相互作用(可能正在发生)崩溃。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A sea of change: Tracing parasitic dynamics through the past millennia in the northern Adriatic, Italy
Our study uses data from Holocene core samples and modern death assemblages to understand how human-induced environmental change in the northern Adriatic Sea (Italy) may have affected parasite-host dynamics in the economically important bivalve Chamelea gallina. Thirty-one radiocarbon dates confirm temporal distinctness between the periods before and after the onset of significant human influence and confirm that trematode prevalence has decreased by an order of magnitude over the past ∼2 k.y. The median number of parasite-induced pits per bivalve host and parasite aggregation has also decreased significantly, signaling a substantial decrease in the effective population size of digenean trematodes. Gaussian finite mixture modeling of pit size does not support the hypothesis of parasite extinction. Combined, these results indicate the (potentially ongoing) collapse of parasite-host interactions in C. gallina in concert with human influence on the Adriatic and its transition to an urban sea.
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