革兰氏阳性球菌相关尿路感染及其流行率和抗生素敏感性模式

Oluwadamilare Afolabi Obe, Wasiu Bamidele Mutiu, Ibrahim Oladipupo Odulate, Adewunmi Akingbola
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:尿路感染(UTI)是全球第三大最常见的人类感染类型。据说,10% 的尿路 (UTI) 感染是由革兰氏阳性细菌引起的。本研究的目的是根据在 LASUTH 观察到的情况,分析革兰氏阳性球菌相关的尿路感染及其抗生素图谱。研究方法这是对泸州医学院附属医院医学微生物实验室记录的一次回顾性评估,目的是回顾 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 3 月期间革兰氏阳性泌尿细菌分离物的体外抗生素敏感性模式。采用标准细菌学方法和 API 从常规尿液样本中分离和鉴定细菌。体外抗生素药敏试验(AST)采用改良柯比-鲍尔盘扩散试验进行常规检测,药敏断点根据临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)指南确定。结果:医学微生物实验室在一年内处理了 2,253 份尿液样本,其中 662 份样本(29.4%)的培养结果呈阳性。在 662 个分离菌中,494 个(74.6%)为革兰氏阴性菌。164个(24.8%)为革兰氏阳性球菌,4个(0.6%)为革兰氏阳性杆菌。在分离出的革兰氏阳性球菌中,粪肠球菌的频率最高,有 58 个(35.4%)。在本医院,对于肠球菌属的经验性治疗,磷霉素和替加环素是最佳选择,而对于伴有无乳链球菌的尿路感染,阿米卡星、头孢呋辛、利奈唑胺和左氧氟沙星可用于经验性治疗。结论本研究中与革兰氏阳性球菌相关的尿毒症发病率为 7.3%(164/2253)。这些病原体对常用抗生素产生的耐药性令人担忧。因此,必须制定有效的抗菌药物管理计划。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gram Positive Cocci Associated Urinary Tract Infections, their Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the third most common type of infection in humans globally. Gram-positive bacteria are said to be responsible for ten percent of urinary tract (UTI) infections. The study's goal was to profile gram-positive cocci-associated UTIs and their antibiogram, as they were observed at LASUTH. Methods: This was a retrospective assessment of the Medical Microbiology Laboratory records of the LASUTH to review the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility patterns of gram-positive urinary bacterial isolates between April 2020 and March 2021. The bacteria were isolated and identified from routine urine samples using standard bacteriological methods and the API. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was routinely performed by the modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test and susceptibility breakpoints were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: 2,253 urine samples were processed in the medical microbiology laboratory over the one year and 662 (29.4%) samples yielded Positive cultures. Of the 662 isolates, 494 (74.6%) were gram-negative bacteria. 164 (24.8%) were gram-positive cocci while 4 (0.6%) were gram positive rod. Among the gram-positive cocci’s isolated Enterococcus faecalis had the highest frequency 58 (35.4%). Aminoglycosides (Gentamycin and Amikacin) and Linezolid antibiotics were found to be the most effective drugs against gram-positive cocci bacteria except Enterococcus spp.  For empirical treatment of Enterococcus spp in our facility Fosfomycin and Tigecycline are the best options, while for Streptococcus agalactiae associated UTI, Amikacin, Cefuroxime, Linezolid, and levofloxacin can be used for empirical treatment. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of gram-positive cocci associated UTI in this study was 7.3% (164/2253). The emergence of drug resistance in these pathogens to commonly used antibiotics is a thing of concern. Therefore, efficient antimicrobial stewardship programmes must be in place.
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