{"title":"工程 CAR-T 细胞:癌症治疗及其他领域的免疫治疗方法。","authors":"Purva Khodke, Bajarang Vasant Kumbhar","doi":"10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of adoptive immunotherapy that offers a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment since traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy have proven insufficient in completely eradicating tumors, despite the relatively positive outcomes. It has been observed that CAR-T cell therapy has shown promising results in treating the majority of hematological malignancies but also have a wide scope for other cancer types. CAR is an extra receptor on the T-cell that helps to increase and accelerate tumor destruction by efficiently activating the immune system. It is made up of three domains, the ectodomain, transmembrane, and the endodomain. The ectodomain is essential for antigen recognition and binding, whereas the co-stimulatory signal is transduced by the endodomain. To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for six CAR-T cell therapies. However, despite its remarkable success, CAR-T therapy is associated with numerous adverse events and has certain limitations. This chapter focuses on the structure and function of the CAR domain, various generations of CAR, and the process of CAR-T cell development, adverse effects, and challenges in CAR-T therapy. CAR-T cell therapy also has scopes in other disease conditions which include systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and myocardial fibrosis, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":7376,"journal":{"name":"Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology","volume":"140 ","pages":"157-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Engineered CAR-T cells: An immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment and beyond.\",\"authors\":\"Purva Khodke, Bajarang Vasant Kumbhar\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.001\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of adoptive immunotherapy that offers a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment since traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy have proven insufficient in completely eradicating tumors, despite the relatively positive outcomes. It has been observed that CAR-T cell therapy has shown promising results in treating the majority of hematological malignancies but also have a wide scope for other cancer types. CAR is an extra receptor on the T-cell that helps to increase and accelerate tumor destruction by efficiently activating the immune system. It is made up of three domains, the ectodomain, transmembrane, and the endodomain. The ectodomain is essential for antigen recognition and binding, whereas the co-stimulatory signal is transduced by the endodomain. To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for six CAR-T cell therapies. However, despite its remarkable success, CAR-T therapy is associated with numerous adverse events and has certain limitations. This chapter focuses on the structure and function of the CAR domain, various generations of CAR, and the process of CAR-T cell development, adverse effects, and challenges in CAR-T therapy. CAR-T cell therapy also has scopes in other disease conditions which include systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and myocardial fibrosis, etc.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7376,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology\",\"volume\":\"140 \",\"pages\":\"157-198\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.001\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/1/4 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.001","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/4 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T 细胞疗法是一种采用性免疫疗法,它为加强癌症治疗提供了一种前景广阔的途径,因为传统的癌症治疗方法,如化疗、手术和放疗,尽管取得了相对积极的效果,但已被证明不足以彻底根除肿瘤。据观察,CAR-T 细胞疗法在治疗大多数血液恶性肿瘤方面取得了良好的效果,但在其他癌症类型的治疗中也有广泛的应用前景。CAR 是 T 细胞上的一种额外受体,通过有效激活免疫系统,有助于增加和加速肿瘤的破坏。它由三个结构域组成:外结构域、跨膜结构域和内结构域。外结构域对抗原识别和结合至关重要,而协同刺激信号则由内结构域传递。迄今为止,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)已批准了六种 CAR-T 细胞疗法。然而,尽管CAR-T疗法取得了巨大成功,但也存在许多不良反应,而且有一定的局限性。本章主要介绍CAR结构域的结构和功能、各代CAR、CAR-T细胞的开发过程、不良反应以及CAR-T疗法面临的挑战。CAR-T 细胞疗法还可用于其他疾病,包括系统性红斑狼疮、多发性硬化症和心肌纤维化等。
Engineered CAR-T cells: An immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment and beyond.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of adoptive immunotherapy that offers a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment since traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy have proven insufficient in completely eradicating tumors, despite the relatively positive outcomes. It has been observed that CAR-T cell therapy has shown promising results in treating the majority of hematological malignancies but also have a wide scope for other cancer types. CAR is an extra receptor on the T-cell that helps to increase and accelerate tumor destruction by efficiently activating the immune system. It is made up of three domains, the ectodomain, transmembrane, and the endodomain. The ectodomain is essential for antigen recognition and binding, whereas the co-stimulatory signal is transduced by the endodomain. To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for six CAR-T cell therapies. However, despite its remarkable success, CAR-T therapy is associated with numerous adverse events and has certain limitations. This chapter focuses on the structure and function of the CAR domain, various generations of CAR, and the process of CAR-T cell development, adverse effects, and challenges in CAR-T therapy. CAR-T cell therapy also has scopes in other disease conditions which include systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and myocardial fibrosis, etc.
期刊介绍:
Published continuously since 1944, The Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology series has been the essential resource for protein chemists. Each volume brings forth new information about protocols and analysis of proteins. Each thematically organized volume is guest edited by leading experts in a broad range of protein-related topics.