马拉维深耕系统和传统耕作系统下以豆科植物为基础的鸽子豆和豇豆间作系统的效果比较

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Augustine Phiri, Keston Njira, Alan Dixon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

豆科植物间作与保护性农业相结合,是撒哈拉以南非洲(包括马拉维)小农提高土壤肥力、作物产量和土地可持续利用的一种有前途的方法。本研究旨在评估在马拉维北部由 Tiyeni 推广的深床耕作(DBF)系统中加入豆科间作系统(包括鸽子豆(Cajanus cajan)和豇豆(Vigna unguiculata))的效果。研究采用分小区设计,以种植系统(CS)为主小区,耕作系统(TS)为副小区。所有处理均重复三次。研究包括两个耕作季节,其中耕作制度包括豆科植物处理、不施肥的单作玉米(玉米)处理(MZ)和每公顷施 92 千克氮肥的单作玉米处理(MZ + 92),而耕作制度包括 DBF 和常规耕作(CT)。研究发现,在 DBF 和 CT 上种植豆科作物的所有地块,土壤中的铵(NH4+)、硝酸盐(NO3-)和磷(P)含量都较高,但 DBF 在两年内的含量明显更高。在这两年中,间作系统的土地生产力(土地当量比> 1)均高于单作系统,这表明以豆科植物为基础的种植可以提高土地利用效率和产量。从这项研究中可以看出,在 DBF 实施的基于谷物和豆科植物的间作系统具有在撒哈拉以南非洲国家维持农业集约化的潜力,因为这些国家的小农很难获得化肥。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Comparative effects of legume-based intercropping systems involving pigeon pea and cowpea under deep-bed and conventional tillage systems in Malawi

Comparative effects of legume-based intercropping systems involving pigeon pea and cowpea under deep-bed and conventional tillage systems in Malawi

Leguminous-based intercropping, combined with conservation agriculture, is a promising approach to improve soil fertility, crop yields, and sustainable land use for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, including Malawi. This study aimed to assess the effects of incorporating legume-based intercropping systems involving pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) into the deep bed farming (DBF) system promoted by Tiyeni in northern Malawi. The study used a split plot design with cropping systems (CS) as the main plots and tillage systems (TS) as the sub-plots. All treatments were replicated three times. The study encompassed two cropping seasons, where CS included legume-based treatments, sole cropped maize (Zea mays) without fertilizer (MZ) and sole cropped maize with 92 kg top dressing N fertilizer per hectare (MZ + 92), while TS included DBF and conventional tillage (CT). The study found that all plots with leguminous crops on both DBF and CT showed higher levels of ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3) and phosphorus (P) in the soil, but DBF had significantly higher levels over 2 years. Intercropping systems showed higher land productivity (land equivalent ratio > 1) than sole cropping in both years, indicating that legume-based cropping can improve land use efficiency and yields. It can be noted from this study that intercropping systems based on cereals and legumes, implemented in DBF, has the potential to sustain agricultural intensification in sub-Saharan African countries where access to chemical fertilizers is limited among smallholder farmers.

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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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