在真实世界数据中生成证据的数据科学方法。

IF 7 Q1 MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
Fang Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在医疗保健领域,数据科学(DS)方法已成为利用来自各种数据源(如电子健康记录、索赔和登记数据以及从数字医疗技术中收集的数据)的真实世界数据(RWD)的不可或缺的工具。由真实世界数据生成的真实世界证据(RWE)使研究人员、临床医生和政策制定者能够更全面地了解真实世界中患者的治疗效果。然而,RWD 中持续存在的挑战(如杂乱性、大量性、异质性、多模态性)以及人们对可信和可靠 RWE 需求的日益增长的认识,都要求采用创新、稳健和有效的 DS 方法来分析 RWD。在本文中,我回顾了当前一些常见的从复杂多样的 RWD 中提取 RWE 和有价值见解的 DS 方法。本文涵盖了整个 RWE 生成流程,从使用 RWD 的研究设计到数据预处理、探索性分析、RWD 分析方法、可信度和可靠性保证,以及数据伦理考虑和开源工具。这篇综述是为可能不是数据挖掘专家的读者量身定制的,旨在对数据挖掘方法进行系统综述,帮助读者选择合适的数据挖掘方法,并改进 RWE 生成过程,以解决他们面临的具体挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Data Science Methods for Real-World Evidence Generation in Real-World Data.

In the healthcare landscape, data science (DS) methods have emerged as indispensable tools to harness real-world data (RWD) from various data sources such as electronic health records, claim and registry data, and data gathered from digital health technologies. Real-world evidence (RWE) generated from RWD empowers researchers, clinicians, and policymakers with a more comprehensive understanding of real-world patient outcomes. Nevertheless, persistent challenges in RWD (e.g., messiness, voluminousness, heterogeneity, multimodality) and a growing awareness of the need for trustworthy and reliable RWE demand innovative, robust, and valid DS methods for analyzing RWD. In this article, I review some common current DS methods for extracting RWE and valuable insights from complex and diverse RWD. This article encompasses the entire RWE-generation pipeline, from study design with RWD to data preprocessing, exploratory analysis, methods for analyzing RWD, and trustworthiness and reliability guarantees, along with data ethics considerations and open-source tools. This review, tailored for an audience that may not be experts in DS, aspires to offer a systematic review of DS methods and assists readers in selecting suitable DS methods and enhancing the process of RWE generation for addressing their specific challenges.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
1.70%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science provides comprehensive expert reviews in biomedical data science, focusing on advanced methods to store, retrieve, analyze, and organize biomedical data and knowledge. The scope of the journal encompasses informatics, computational, artificial intelligence (AI), and statistical approaches to biomedical data, including the sub-fields of bioinformatics, computational biology, biomedical informatics, clinical and clinical research informatics, biostatistics, and imaging informatics. The mission of the journal is to identify both emerging and established areas of biomedical data science, and the leaders in these fields.
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