Lucas Medeiros Guimarães, Manuel J. Flores Montes, Nathalie Lefèvre
{"title":"西南热带大西洋 3 至 14°S 之间海气 CO 2 通量的区域差异","authors":"Lucas Medeiros Guimarães, Manuel J. Flores Montes, Nathalie Lefèvre","doi":"10.1071/mf22276","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The fugacity of surface-seawater CO<sub>2</sub> (<i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub>) and the sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in the south-western tropical Atlantic (SWTA) were studied to increase the knowledge about the carbon cycle in this region.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>This paper aims to describe the distribution of <i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub> in SWTA.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>The <i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub> was measured from 2008 to 2020 by volunteer merchant ships with an onboard system that measures <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> while the vessels were underway.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>Higher values occurred north of 8°S than in the region south of 8°S. The north is a strong source of CO<sub>2</sub> for the atmosphere, with an annual mean value of 3.14 ± 0.52 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. The south is a weaker source of CO<sub>2</sub>, with an annual average of 0.93 ± 0.90 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. In the months of July and August, a weak sink of CO<sub>2</sub> was observed, with a mean of −0.55 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>.</p><strong> Conclusions and implications</strong><p>The differences between these two regions are explained by the origin of the surface-water masses encountered along the ship track. The central branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC) transports surface water, with a higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and lower salinity, north of 8°S, whereas the surface waters between 8 and 14°S come from the southern branch of the SEC. The intertropical convergence zone is another physical process influencing the region north of 8°S.</p>","PeriodicalId":18209,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Regional differences in the air–sea CO 2 flux between 3 and 14°S in the south-western tropical Atlantic\",\"authors\":\"Lucas Medeiros Guimarães, Manuel J. Flores Montes, Nathalie Lefèvre\",\"doi\":\"10.1071/mf22276\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<strong> Context</strong><p>The fugacity of surface-seawater CO<sub>2</sub> (<i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub>) and the sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in the south-western tropical Atlantic (SWTA) were studied to increase the knowledge about the carbon cycle in this region.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>This paper aims to describe the distribution of <i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub> in SWTA.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>The <i>f</i>CO<sub>2sw</sub> was measured from 2008 to 2020 by volunteer merchant ships with an onboard system that measures <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> while the vessels were underway.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>Higher values occurred north of 8°S than in the region south of 8°S. The north is a strong source of CO<sub>2</sub> for the atmosphere, with an annual mean value of 3.14 ± 0.52 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. The south is a weaker source of CO<sub>2</sub>, with an annual average of 0.93 ± 0.90 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. In the months of July and August, a weak sink of CO<sub>2</sub> was observed, with a mean of −0.55 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>.</p><strong> Conclusions and implications</strong><p>The differences between these two regions are explained by the origin of the surface-water masses encountered along the ship track. The central branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC) transports surface water, with a higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and lower salinity, north of 8°S, whereas the surface waters between 8 and 14°S come from the southern branch of the SEC. The intertropical convergence zone is another physical process influencing the region north of 8°S.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18209,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Marine and Freshwater Research\",\"volume\":\"20 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Marine and Freshwater Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1071/mf22276\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"FISHERIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Marine and Freshwater Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1071/mf22276","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Regional differences in the air–sea CO 2 flux between 3 and 14°S in the south-western tropical Atlantic
Context
The fugacity of surface-seawater CO2 (fCO2sw) and the sea–air CO2 fluxes in the south-western tropical Atlantic (SWTA) were studied to increase the knowledge about the carbon cycle in this region.
Aims
This paper aims to describe the distribution of fCO2sw in SWTA.
Methods
The fCO2sw was measured from 2008 to 2020 by volunteer merchant ships with an onboard system that measures pCO2 while the vessels were underway.
Key results
Higher values occurred north of 8°S than in the region south of 8°S. The north is a strong source of CO2 for the atmosphere, with an annual mean value of 3.14 ± 0.52 mmol m−2 day−1. The south is a weaker source of CO2, with an annual average of 0.93 ± 0.90 mmol m−2 day−1. In the months of July and August, a weak sink of CO2 was observed, with a mean of −0.55 mmol m−2 day−1.
Conclusions and implications
The differences between these two regions are explained by the origin of the surface-water masses encountered along the ship track. The central branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC) transports surface water, with a higher CO2 concentration and lower salinity, north of 8°S, whereas the surface waters between 8 and 14°S come from the southern branch of the SEC. The intertropical convergence zone is another physical process influencing the region north of 8°S.
期刊介绍：
Marine and Freshwater Research is an international and interdisciplinary journal publishing contributions on all aquatic environments. The journal’s content addresses broad conceptual questions and investigations about the ecology and management of aquatic environments. Environments range from groundwaters, wetlands and streams to estuaries, rocky shores, reefs and the open ocean. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: aquatic ecosystem processes, such as nutrient cycling; biology; ecology; biogeochemistry; biogeography and phylogeography; hydrology; limnology; oceanography; toxicology; conservation and management; and ecosystem services. Contributions that are interdisciplinary and of wide interest and consider the social-ecological and institutional issues associated with managing marine and freshwater ecosystems are welcomed.
Marine and Freshwater Research is a valuable resource for researchers in industry and academia, resource managers, environmental consultants, students and amateurs who are interested in any aspect of the aquatic sciences.
Marine and Freshwater Research is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
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