Molecular systematics and taxonomy reveal three new wood-inhabiting fungal species (Basidiomycota) from Yunnan Province, southern China

Three new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Lyomyces punctatomarginatus, L. lancangjiangensis and Mycobernardia yunnanensis, are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Lyomyces punctatomarginatus is characterized by a smooth hymenophore, a monomitic hyphal system with the generative hyphae having clamp connections, the presence of fusoid cystidia, and ellipsoid basidiospores (4–5.3 × 2.5–3 µm); L. lancangjiangensis is characterized by a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, fusiform and capitate cystidia, and ellipsoid basidiospores (4.5–5.8 × 2.8–4.5 µm). Mycobernardia yunnanensis is characterized by a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and allantoid basidiospores (4.5–6.3 × 2–3 µm). Sequences of ITS and nLSU rDNA markers of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogram inferred from the ITS dataset revealed that L. punctatomarginatus formed a monophyletic lineage and was grouped closely with L. crustosus, L. juniperi, L. niveus and L. ochraceoalbus. Additionally, L. lancangjiangensis grouped closely with L. albopulverulentus and L. bambusinus with strong supports. The phylogenetic tree inferred from the ITS + LSU rDNA sequences highlighted that the new species M. yunnanensis was sister to M. incrustans, the type species of the genus Mycobernardia within the family Corticiaceae.