补充甘氨酸可提高以豆粕为基础日粮的杂交带鱼(Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂)组织对肌酸和谷胱甘肽的合成。

IF 6.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Wenliang He, Xinyu Li, Guoyao Wu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:我们最近报告说,在以豆粕为基础的日粮中补充甘氨酸对 5 至 40 克(第一阶段)和 110 至 240 克(第二阶段)杂交带鱼(HSB)的最佳生长及其肠道健康是必要的。虽然甘氨酸是哺乳动物(如猪)合成肌酸和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的重要底物,但人们对鱼类的这些代谢途径及其营养调节却知之甚少。本研究测试了以下假设:补充甘氨酸可提高杂交带鱼(HSB;Morone saxatilis♀ × Morone chrysops♂)组织中肌酸和谷胱甘肽形成酶的活性以及肌酸和谷胱甘肽的利用率:方法:用添加了0%、1%或2%甘氨酸的豆粕饲料喂养I期和II期杂交带鱼8周。饲喂 56 天后,收集组织(肝脏、肠道、骨骼肌、肾脏和胰腺)进行生化分析:结果:与陆生哺乳动物和鸟类不同,所有 HSB 的肌酸合成主要发生在骨骼肌中。在所研究的恒河猴组织中,肝脏的 GSH 合成最为活跃。在第一阶段恒河猴中,补充 1% 或 2% 的甘氨酸会增加 1% 和 2% 组之间的这些变量(P 0.05)。在第二阶段 HSB 中,补充 1%和 2% 的甘氨酸会增加(P 结论:在第二阶段 HSB 中,补充 1%和 2% 的甘氨酸会增加(P 0.05)):骨骼肌和肝脏分别是合成 HSB 肌酸和 GSH 的主要器官。膳食中甘氨酸的摄入能以组织特异性的方式调节 I 期和 II 期 HSB 的肌酸和 GSH 合成。根据代谢数据,甘氨酸是生长鱼类的条件必需氨基酸。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets.

Background: We recently reported that supplementing glycine to soybean meal-based diets is necessary for the optimum growth of 5- to 40-g (Phase-I) and 110- to 240-g (Phase-II) hybrid striped bass (HSB), as well as their intestinal health. Although glycine serves as an essential substrate for syntheses of creatine and glutathione (GSH) in mammals (e.g., pigs), little is known about these metabolic pathways or their nutritional regulation in fish. This study tested the hypothesis that glycine supplementation enhances the activities of creatine- and GSH-forming enzymes as well as creatine and GSH availabilities in tissues of hybrid striped bass (HSB; Morone saxatilis♀ × Morone chrysops♂).

Methods: Phase-I and Phase-II HSB were fed a soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 0%, 1%, or 2% glycine for 8 weeks. At the end of the 56-d feeding, tissues (liver, intestine, skeletal muscle, kidneys, and pancreas) were collected for biochemical analyses.

Results: In contrast to terrestrial mammals and birds, creatine synthesis occurred primarily in skeletal muscle from all HSB. The liver was most active in GSH synthesis among the HSB tissues studied. In Phase-I HSB, supplementation with 1% or 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of intramuscular creatine (15%-19%) and hepatic GSH (8%-11%), while reducing (P < 0.05) hepatic GSH sulfide (GSSG)/GSH ratios by 14%-15%, compared with the 0-glycine group; there were no differences (P > 0.05) in these variables between the 1% and 2% glycine groups. In Phase-II HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and GSH in the muscle (15%-27%) and liver (11%-20%) in a dose-dependent manner, with reduced ratios of hepatic GSSG/GSH in the 1% or 2% glycine group. In all HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine dose-dependently increased (P < 0.05) activities of intramuscular arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (22%-41%) and hepatic γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (17%-37%), with elevated activities of intramuscular guanidinoacetate methyltransferase and hepatic GSH synthetase and GSH reductase in the 1% or 2% glycine group. Glycine supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and activities of its synthetic enzymes in tail kidneys and pancreas, and concentrations of GSH and activities of its synthetic enzymes in the proximal intestine.

Conclusions: Skeletal muscle and liver are the major organs for creatine and GSH syntheses in HSB, respectively. Dietary glycine intake regulates creatine and GSH syntheses by both Phase-I and Phase-II HSB in a tissue-specific manner. Based on the metabolic data, glycine is a conditionally essential amino acid for the growing fish.

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