从标本馆测试种子发芽率:种子质量提升技术的应用及其对植物复活和保护的意义

IF 3 2区 生物学 Q2 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Taxon Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI:10.1002/tax.13184
Giulia Albani Rocchetti, Lisa Brancaleoni, Giulia Caneva, Alessandra Cona, Giuseppe Fabrini, Ilaria Fraudentali, Gabriele Galasso, Sandrine Godefroid, Mauro Iberite, Lorenzo Lastrucci, Laurence Loze, Alfred Mayer, Andrea Mondoni, Simone Orsenigo, Francesco Porro, Fred Stauffer, Alice Rimessi, Agnese Tilia, Annarita Volpi, Thomas Abeli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

标本馆是许多领域(包括植物保护)有用的数据和材料的重要来源。保存在标本馆标本中的种子可能具有萌发潜力,但很少有研究关注这一主题。本文首次对旨在提高标本馆标本种子萌发率的六种技术(包括催芽技术和褪黑激素应用)进行了系统评估。对标本馆和野外采集的欧洲常见的 26 个物种(共 20,549 粒种子,其中 19,509 粒来自 8 个不同标本馆的 297 份标本)的种子萌发情况进行了测试,并采用了以下处理方法:在萌发培养基中添加外源褪黑激素、使用褪黑激素催芽、渗透催芽、24 小时和 48 小时水压催芽、标准土壤、高温消毒和添加赤霉素。85%以上的新鲜种子和 1%在标本馆收集的种子都发芽了,其中包括 50 年以上的种子。数据显示,外源褪黑激素对新鲜种子的萌发有积极影响,但对标本馆种子的萌发有消极影响。此外,渗透处理对标本室种子的萌发也有轻微的积极影响。渗透修剪和外源褪黑激素添加似乎是很有前景的技术,需要进一步研究和改进,并可能有助于为古老种子和标本馆种子制定最佳萌发方案。标本馆种子的萌发可能是植物保护的重要工具,其目的是通过去灭绝、保护生物多样性和遗传变异来扭转许多物种的灭绝趋势。这项研究为制定萌发规程提供了初步数据,特别是对具有保护意义的物种的古老种子,以最大限度地恢复丧失的遗传多样性,实现有史以来的首次灭绝。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Testing seed germination from herbaria: Application of seed quality enhancement techniques and implication for plant resurrection and conservation
Herbaria are an important source of data and material useful in many fields, including plant conservation. Seeds preserved in herbarium specimens may have the potential to germinate, although few studies focused on this topic. Here, the first systematic assessment of six techniques, including priming techniques and melatonin application, aimed at improving the germination of seeds from herbarium specimens is presented. Seed germination of 26 species common in Europe, some of which congeneric to extinct species, collected in herbaria and in the wild (20,549 seeds in total, including 19,509 from 297 herbarium specimens from 8 different herbaria) was tested with the following treatments: exogenous melatonin addition to the germination medium, priming with melatonin, osmopriming, hydropriming for 24 and 48 hours, standard soil, heat sterilization and gibberellins addition. More than 85% of the fresh seeds and 1% of the seeds collected in herbaria germinated, including seeds older than 50 years. Data show that treatment with exogenous melatonin had a positive effect on the germination of fresh seeds, but a negative effect on the germination of herbarium‐derived seeds. Furthermore, osmopriming treatment had a slightly positive effect on the germination of herbarium‐derived seeds. Osmopriming and exogenous melatonin addition seem to be promising techniques that need further investigation and improvement and might be useful for the development of an optimal germination protocol for old and herbarium‐derived seeds. The germination of seeds from herbaria could be an important tool in plant conservation, with the aim of reversing the extinction trend of many species through de‐extinction, safeguarding biodiversity, and genetic variability. This study provides preliminary data for the development of germination protocols, especially for old seeds of species of conservation interest, to maximise the chance of recovering lost genetic diversity and leading to the first de‐extinction ever.
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来源期刊
Taxon
Taxon 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.80%
发文量
177
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: TAXON is the bi-monthly journal of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy and is devoted to systematic and evolutionary biology with emphasis on plants and fungi. It is published bimonthly by the International Bureau for Plant Taxonomy and Nomenclature, c/o Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA. Details of page charges are given in the Guidelines for authors. Papers will be reviewed by at least two specialists.
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