Rainbow Bases in Matroids

SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, Volume 38, Issue 2, Page 1472-1491, June 2024.
Abstract. Recently, it was proved by Bérczi and Schwarcz that the problem of factorizing a matroid into rainbow bases with respect to a given partition of its ground set is algorithmically intractable. On the other hand, many special cases were left open. We first show that the problem remains hard if the matroid is graphic, answering a question of Bérczi and Schwarcz. As another special case, we consider the problem of deciding whether a given digraph can be factorized into subgraphs which are spanning trees in the underlying sense and respect upper bounds on the indegree of every vertex. We prove that this problem is also hard. This answers a question of Frank. In the second part of the article, we deal with the relaxed problem of covering the ground set of a matroid by rainbow bases. Among other results, we show that there is a linear function [math] such that every matroid that can be factorized into [math] bases for some [math] can be covered by [math] rainbow bases if every partition class contains at most 2 elements.