年轻驾驶员和老年驾驶员脑力劳动负荷和表现的对比分析:对道路安全和与年龄相关的驾驶挑战的影响。

IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Elham Entezarizarch, Seyed Abolfazl Zakerian, Elham Madreseh, Marzieh Abbasinia, Hanieh Abdi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:驾驶是一项多方面的认知工作,需要高度警惕和迅速反应。考虑到驾驶事故和重载的统计数据较高,以及驾驶员年龄对事故发生的影响,研究这些因素对减少事故发生非常重要:本研究调查了在动态驾驶场景中精神负担对年轻和年长驾驶员表现的影响,以比较两个年龄组之间的认知表现、工作量感知和驾驶结果:方法:进行认知测试,包括斯特罗普测试、连续表现测试和集中注意力测试,同时使用 DALI 问卷测量工作量水平。参与者包括 20 名男性驾驶员,分为两个年龄组:20 至 35 岁和 55 至 70 岁,他们的驾驶年限各不相同。研究涉及伊朗德黑兰指定路线的动态驾驶场景:结果显示,不同年龄段的驾驶员在工作量评分上存在差异,尤其是在视觉需求、听觉需求、注意力和干扰等方面。老年驾驶员在驾驶过程中表现出更高的认知和体力需求,这意味着他们需要付出更多的注意力和认知努力:本研究的结果表明,在拥堵的道路和密集的城市交通中行驶会大大增加驾驶员的脑力劳动负荷,从而影响他们的认知功能。由于驾驶过程中需要高度集中注意力,这种工作量的增加会表现为疲劳加剧、压力增大和注意力不集中,所有这些都会大大增加发生交通事故的风险。此外,该研究还强调了对老年驾驶员的特别关注,因为在如此苛刻的驾驶条件下,老年驾驶员认知能力的下降会进一步增加他们发生事故的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative analysis of mental workload and performance between young and elderly drivers: Implications for road safety and age-related driving challenges.

Background: Driving represents a multifaceted cognitive endeavor, demanding heightened vigilance and swift responses. Considering the high statistics of driving accidents and heavy loads, as well as the effect of the driver's age on the occurrence of accidents, it is important to investigate these factors to reduce accidents.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of mental workload on the performance of young and older drivers in a dynamic driving scenario to compare cognitive performance, workload perception, and driving outcomes between the two age groups.

Methods: Cognitive tests including the Stroop test, Continuous Performance test, and Focused Attention test were conducted, alongside the use of the DALI questionnaire to measure workload levels. Participants encompassed twenty male drivers, divided into two age groups: 20 to 35 years and 55 to 70 years, with varying years of driving experience. The study entailed a dynamic driving scenario involving a designated route in Tehran, Iran.

Results: Results exhibited differences in workload scores between the age groups, particularly in dimensions such as visual demand, auditory demand, attention, and interference. Older drivers demonstrated heightened cognitive and physical demands during driving, implying a greater need for attention and cognitive effort.

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that navigating through congested roads and dense urban traffic significantly elevates the mental workload for drivers, consequently impacting their cognitive functioning. Given the critical need for attention in driving, this heightened workload can manifest as increased fatigue, increasing stress levels, and diminished concentration, all of which substantially raise the risk of vehicular accidents. Furthermore, the study highlighted a particular concern for older drivers, whose diminished cognitive capacities further raise their vulnerability to accidents under such demanding driving conditions.

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来源期刊
Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation
Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
30.40%
发文量
739
期刊介绍: WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation is an interdisciplinary, international journal which publishes high quality peer-reviewed manuscripts covering the entire scope of the occupation of work. The journal''s subtitle has been deliberately laid out: The first goal is the prevention of illness, injury, and disability. When this goal is not achievable, the attention focuses on assessment to design client-centered intervention, rehabilitation, treatment, or controls that use scientific evidence to support best practice.
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