{"title":"细胞外囊泡及其治疗应用:综述文章(第一部分)。","authors":"Diana Rafieezadeh, Aryan Rafieezadeh","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a captivating field of study in molecular biology with diverse applications in therapeutics. These small membrane-bound structures, released by cells into the extracellular space, play a vital role in intercellular communication and hold immense potential for advancing medical treatments. EVs, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are classified based on size and biogenesis pathways, with exosomes being the most extensively studied. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular secretory pathway of exosomes and to discuss the medical applications of exosomes and the methods for employing them in laboratory models. The therapeutic potential of EVs has garnered significant attention. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
细胞外囊泡(EVs)已成为分子生物学研究中一个令人着迷的领域,在治疗学中有着多种多样的应用。这些由细胞释放到细胞外空间的小型膜结合结构在细胞间通信中发挥着重要作用,在促进医学治疗方面具有巨大潜力。EVs包括外泌体、微囊泡和凋亡体,根据大小和生物生成途径进行分类,其中外泌体的研究最为广泛。本研究旨在研究外泌体的分子分泌途径,并探讨外泌体的医学应用及其在实验室模型中的应用方法。外泌体的治疗潜力已引起广泛关注。外泌体的独特性质,如稳定性、生物相容性和穿越生物屏障的能力,使其成为有前景的靶向药物递送载体。研究人员可通过对电动体进行工程设计,使其携带特定的载货分子,如治疗蛋白质、小干扰核糖核酸(RNA)(siRNA)或抗癌药物,从而提高药物的稳定性,并改善向特定细胞或组织的靶向递送。这种方法有可能最大限度地减少脱靶效应,提高疗效,提供更精确、更有效的治疗策略。EVs 是一个令人着迷且发展迅速的领域,具有重要的治疗意义。它们在细胞间通信、靶向给药和再生医学中的作用使其成为推动医学治疗的宝贵工具。随着我们对 EV 生物学及其治疗应用的了解不断深入,我们可以预见,EV 的显著进步将彻底改变医学领域,并带来更个性化、更有效的疗法。
Extracellular vesicles and their therapeutic applications: a review article (part1).
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a captivating field of study in molecular biology with diverse applications in therapeutics. These small membrane-bound structures, released by cells into the extracellular space, play a vital role in intercellular communication and hold immense potential for advancing medical treatments. EVs, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are classified based on size and biogenesis pathways, with exosomes being the most extensively studied. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular secretory pathway of exosomes and to discuss the medical applications of exosomes and the methods for employing them in laboratory models. The therapeutic potential of EVs has garnered significant attention. Their unique properties, such as stability, biocompatibility, and capacity to traverse biological barriers, make them promising vehicles for targeted drug delivery. By engineering EVs to carry specific cargo molecules, such as therapeutic proteins, small interfering Ribonucleic Acid (RNAs) (siRNAs), or anti-cancer drugs, researchers can enhance drug stability and improve their targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues. This approach has the potential to minimize off-target effects and increase therapeutic efficacy, offering a more precise and effective treatment strategy. EVs represent a captivating and rapidly evolving field with significant therapeutic implications. Their role in intercellular communication, targeted drug delivery, and regenerative medicine makes them valuable tools for advancing medical treatments. As our understanding of EV biology and their therapeutic applications continues to expand, we can expect remarkable advancements that will revolutionize the field of medicine and lead to more personalized and effective therapies.