监测英格兰苏塞克斯唐斯谷物生态系统中无脊椎动物数量变化的 50 年历程

IF 3.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
J. A. Ewald, G. R. Potts, N. J. Aebischer, S. J. Moreby, C. J. Wheatley, R. A. Burrell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昆虫数量的变化备受关注,农业集约化被认为是昆虫数量下降的主要原因之一。我们报告了 1970 年至 2019 年期间在英国英格兰南部苏塞克斯谷物田中采集的无脊椎动物的变化情况。我们在每年六月的第三周使用 D-vac 抽吸法从平均 95 块谷物田中采集样本(共计 4757 个样本,包括 2,983,124 个无脊椎动物个体,主要进行科级鉴定)。研究区域包括 12 个农场,这些农场的土地利用、作物轮作和杀虫剂使用强度也被记录在案,显示出随着时间推移而发生的显著变化。所有类群的无脊椎动物总体数量下降了 37%,如果不包括数量最多的类群(鞘翅目、蚜科和蓟马科),则下降了 48%。在 51 个非重叠类群中,47% 的目或科的丰度下降,16% 的类群丰度上升,37% 的类群丰度没有变化。大部分下降发生在研究的头十年,大部分增加发生在 20 世纪 90 年代。后来,从 2010 年开始进一步减少。作为功能类群,噬菌体、噬植物体、捕食者(包括蚜虫特异性捕食者和多食性捕食者)、寄生虫和噬菌体显著减少,而传粉昆虫则没有明显变化。鸟类雏鸟-食物无脊椎动物丰度的五项指标中有四项明显下降,一项(玉米鹀雏鸟-食物指数)没有出现可检测到的变化。多元约束冗余分析表明,种植、田地面积、农药使用和天气都能显著解释 51 个非重叠类群丰度的变化。就功能类群而言,重要的解释变量是天气和农药使用。改变耕作方法和采用病虫害综合防治、再生耕作、农业环境计划选择和间作等措施有助于缓解与物种减少有关的因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Fifty years of monitoring changes in the abundance of invertebrates in the cereal ecosystem of the Sussex Downs, England

Fifty years of monitoring changes in the abundance of invertebrates in the cereal ecosystem of the Sussex Downs, England

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
8.60%
发文量
58
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: To publish papers of the highest scientific quality within the general area of insect (and other arthropods) conservation and diversity covering topics ranging from ecological theory to practical management. Papers are invited on the following topics: Conservation genetics; Extinction debt; Long-term conservation planning and implementation; Global implications of local or national conservation actions; Management responses of species and communities; Captive breeding programs; Comparisons of restored and natural habitats; Biogeography; Global biodiversity; Metapopulation dynamics; Climate change: impacts on distributions and range; Invasive species: impacts and control; Effects of pollution; Genetic threats to diversity by introgression; Effects of fragmentation on diversity and distribution; Impact of agricultural and forestry practices on biodiversity; Enhancing urban environments for diversity and protection; Biodiversity action plans: can we scale up from insects?; Effectiveness and choice of indicator species; Soil biodiversity and interactions with above-ground biodiversity; Ecological interactions at local levels; Ecological and evolutionary factors influencing diversity and local, regional and global scales; Sustainable livelihoods and training on the ground; Integrating science and policy.
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