水景与社会生态模型:研究水不安全与人类健康和福祉的关系框架

IF 4.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
P. Tallman, Natalia C. Piland, Melanie Villarmarzo, Lulu Victoria‐Lacy, Armando Valdés‐Velásquez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水资源不安全,即无法从负担得起、充足、可靠和安全的水资源中获益,是当代人类面临的最大威胁之一。虽然 "水不安全 "作为一个概念已得到全球认可,并在政策制定中发挥着重要作用,但它并没有反映出土著居民和当地社区(IPLCs)与水系统之间的多重关系。我们认为,通过对水景概念采用系统的方法,可以改进对 IPLCs 中水不安全和健康问题的研究。水景一词描述了人类与水之间的社会-自然关系。为了使对水景的研究更加系统化,并提请人们注意健康在水景中的重要性,我们采用了四层社会-生态方法来描述亚马逊流域 IPLC 与当地水系统之间的多层次互动关系。然后,我们将这一四层模型应用于巴西亚马逊地区的贝洛蒙特水坝案例,以确定破坏辛古河水景观对健康的具体影响。将四层社会生态方法应用于贝洛蒙特案例研究表明,该水坝导致洪水泛滥和水质下降,而当地人认为这增加了慢性疾病(如肾脏和肾病)和病媒传染疾病(如登革热)的风险。大坝造成的流离失所威胁着辛古河沿岸多个 IPLC 的粮食安全、经济安全、社区凝聚力和文化生存。我们的方法不仅揭示了大坝对水资源不安全造成的直接后果,还揭示了大坝对社区福祉和文化完整性造成的广泛影响,解决了人水互动带来的各种挑战。虽然各层次之间存在重叠,但这一框架也适用于采矿、石油开采和水电站建设正在大幅改变当地水景的其他情况。像这样的工具可以促进研究人员、政策制定者和 IPLC 之间更有意义的合作,以确定社会和环境影响评估中需要考虑的结果范围。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Waterscapes meet socio‐ecological models: A relational framework to examine water insecurity and human health and well‐being
Water insecurity, the inability to benefit from affordable, adequate, reliable and safe water, is one of the greatest contemporary threats facing humans. While ‘water insecurity’, as a concept, is globally recognized and serves an essential function in policymaking, it does not capture the multiple, relational connections between Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) and water systems. We contend that studies of water insecurity and health among IPLCs can be improved by applying a systematic approach to the concept of waterscapes. The term waterscape describes the socio‐natural relations between humans and water. To make examining waterscapes more systematic and to draw attention to the importance of health within waterscapes, we use a four‐tiered socio–ecological approach to describe the multi‐level interactions between IPLCs and local water systems in the Amazonian watershed. We then apply this four‐tiered model to the case of the Belo Monte dam in the Brazilian Amazon to identify the specific health impacts of disrupting the Xingu River waterscape. Applying the four‐tiered socio‐ecological approach to the Belo Monte case study showed that this dam led to flooding and compromised water quality that local people associated with an increased risk for chronic health conditions, such as kidney and renal diseases, and vector‐borne diseases, such as dengue. Displacement due to the dam threatened food security, economic security, community cohesion and the cultural survival of multiple IPLCs along the Xingu river. Our approach uncovers not only the direct consequences of the dam on water insecurity but also the broader implications for community well‐being and cultural integrity, addressing the diverse challenges arising from human‐water interactions. The four‐tiered approach for assessing waterscapes offers a framework that enables a comprehensive examination of the intricate relations between water and humans. While there are overlaps among the levels, this framework is applicable to other situations where mining, oil extraction and the construction of hydrovías are substantially altering local waterscapes. Tools such as this one can promote more meaningful engagement between researchers, policymakers, and IPLCs in defining the range of outcomes to be considered in social and environmental impact assessments. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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来源期刊
People and Nature
People and Nature Multiple-
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
9.80%
发文量
103
审稿时长
12 weeks
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