性别暴力背景下的非致命扼颈/窒息:医疗法律问题和对临床实践的影响

Mónica A. Núñez Garrido, Sergio Herrera Umanzor
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管国际社会为消除一切形式的暴力侵害妇女行为做出了诸多努力,但这一问题远未得到解决。据联合国统计,每三名妇女中就有一名在其一生中至少遭受过一次来自亲密伴侣的身体暴力或性暴力,或来自夫妻之外的性暴力,或两者兼而有之。将这一问题作为人口群体的社会健康需求来解决,可以将性别暴力作为一个集体健康问题来处理。在身体暴力方面,勒死/窒息已被确认为最致命的家庭暴力和性侵犯形式之一。被掐住脖子或勒死的家庭暴力受害者被其伴侣杀害的可能性要高出 7.5 倍。被勒死/窒息的受害者可能在几秒钟内失去知觉,或在袭击后几分钟、几天或几周内死亡,也可能遭受永久性脑损伤或残疾或精神创伤。最近,在英国、美国、澳大利亚和新西兰,对这种犯罪的配置进行了法律改革,加重了刑罚。目前的非系统性文献综述试图探讨性别暴力背景下非致命性勒死/窒息的最新医学法律问题,并强调了对临床实践的相关影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Non-Fatal strangulation/suffocation in context of gender violence: Medicolegal aspects and implications in clinical practice
Despite the numerous efforts of the international community to eradicate all forms of violence against women, this problem is far from being resolved. According to the UN, one in three women has suffered physical or sexual violence from an intimate partner, sexual violence outside the couple, or both at least once in their life. Addressing this problem as a social health need of population groups allows an approach to gender violence as a collective health problem. At the level of physical violence, strangulation/suffocation has been identified as one of the most lethal forms of domestic violence and sexual assault. Victims of domestic violence who have been choked or strangled are 7.5 times more likely to be killed by their partner. A victim of strangulation/suffocation can lose consciousness in seconds or die within minutes, days or weeks after the attack, as well as suffer permanent brain damage or disability or emotional trauma. Recently, legal changes have been generated in the configuration of this crime, the penalties have increased in United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. The current non-systematic narrative review of literature sought to explore updated medico-legal aspects of non-fatal strangulation/suffocation in the context of gender violence, and are highlightedrelevant implications for clinical practice.
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