汉坦病毒感染：全球流行病学形势回顾。2023 年俄罗斯联邦肾综合征出血热流行病学形势分析及 2024 年发展预测

Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI:10.21055/0370-1069-2024-1-113-124

T. A. Savitskaya, A. V. Ivanova, A. A. Zubova, I. Reshetnikova, G. Isaeva, V. A. Trifonov, S. V. Magerramov, K. S. Martsokha, D. V. Trankvilevsky

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文介绍了世界各国在汉坦病毒疾病发病率方面的流行病学情况。本文介绍了 2023 年俄罗斯联邦各联邦区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）发病率的流行病学分析结果，并对 2024 年进行了预测。2023 年，俄罗斯联邦登记在册的肾综合征出血热病例为 5 093 例（每 10 万人中有 3.47 例）。全国 8 个联邦区中有 7 个报告了这一病例。年龄结构以 30-59 岁人群为主（65.7%），17 岁以下儿童发病 247 例。男性人口比例为 70.3%。城市居民占病例总数的 63.2%。死亡率为 0.49% - 25 人死亡。数据分析显示，与前一年相比，俄罗斯的 HFRS 发病率下降了 27.2%。然而，流行病学监测数据和实地材料实验室研究结果表明，整个国家的局势依然紧张。据预测，在一些地区（主要是伏尔加和中央联邦区的组成实体），疫情并发症的风险很高。在西北联邦区、乌拉尔联邦区和远东联邦区的联邦主体中，预计将出现长期平均发病率水平的地方流行病并发症的中度风险。不排除在南部联邦区出现零星病例的可能性。预计 2024 年北高加索联邦区和西伯利亚联邦区的 HFRS 状况不会恶化。

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Hantavirus Infections: Review of the Epidemiological Situation around the World. Analysis of the Epidemiological Situation on Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Russian Federation in 2023 and Forecast of Its Development for 2024

The paper describes the epidemiological situation in the countries of the world in terms of the incidence of Hantavirus diseases. The results of an epidemiological analysis of the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Russian Federation in 2023 by federal districts are presented and a forecast for 2024 is made. In 2023, 5 093 cases of HFRS were registered in the Russian Federation (3.47 per 100 thousand population). The incidence was reported in 7 out of 8 federal districts of the country. The age structure was dominated by people in the 30–59 age category (65.7 %); 247 cases of the disease were noted among children under 17 years of age. The proportion of the male population was 70.3 %. 63.2 % of the total number of cases was registered among the urban residents. The mortality rate was at the level of 0.49 % – 25 lethal outcomes. Analysis of the data has revealed a decrease in the incidence of HFRS in Russia by 27.2 % as compared to the previous year. However, the data from epizootiological monitoring and the results of laboratory research of field material indicate a continuing tense situation in the country as a whole. In a number of regions, a high risk of complications of the epidemiological situation is predicted (mainly, in the constituent entities of the Volga and Central Federal Districts). Moderate risks of developing local complications of the epidemiological situation at the level of long-term average morbidity are expected to be realized in the entities of the Northwestern, Ural and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Sporadic cases of the disease in the territory of the Southern Federal District are not excluded. The aggravation of the situation on HFRS in the territory of the North-Caucasian and Siberian Federal Districts is not anticipated in 2024.

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Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections

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