在 COVID-19 大流行期间感染 SARS-CoV-2 的新生儿在 18-24 个月矫正年龄时的长期生长和神经发育结果:一项前瞻性观察研究。

Neonatology Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI:10.1159/000537803
Medha Goyal, Dwayne Mascarenhas, Prashanth Rr, R. Nanavati
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摘要

导言在 2020 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行初期,研究人员曾对病毒的潜在神经侵入能力和长期神经系统后果提出警告。尽管一些初步研究发现,感染 COVID-19 病毒后的婴儿在交流、精细动作和解决问题的能力方面会出现延迟,但有关确诊感染 COVID-19 病毒的新生儿长期发育情况的数据仍然很少。在 18-24 个月矫正年龄时,我们使用贝利婴幼儿发育量表第三版(BSID-III)评估了神经发育情况,同时还进行了生长、听力和视力评估。结果评估时的平均矫正年龄为 21 个月 11 天 ± 1 个月 28 天。我们发现近一半的儿童发育迟缓,其在 BSID-III 各领域的得分均低于一个标准差。9名儿童(45%)在运动、认知或语言方面存在轻度发育迟缓,2名儿童(10%)存在中度发育迟缓。主要受影响的是表达性语言、精细动作和接受性语言。所有患儿都没有听力障碍、失明或明显的发育迟缓,包括临床上严重的小头畸形。在没有任何疾病特征差异的情况下,神经发育迟缓患儿的认知、语言和运动方面的平均综合评分明显较低(P 值分别为 -0.02、0.000 和 0.03)。发育迟缓的严重程度以轻度为主。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Long-Term Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Neonates Infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 Pandemic at 18-24 Months Corrected Age: A Prospective Observational Study.
INTRODUCTION During the early coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, researchers cautioned about the potential neuroinvasive capability of the virus and long-term neurological consequences. Although a few preliminary studies have found delayed communication, fine motor, and problem-solving skills in infants after COVID-19 infection, there continues to be a paucity of data on long-term development of neonates diagnosed with COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 20 neonates who acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during the first wave of the pandemic (April-July 2020). At 18-24 months corrected age, we assessed neurodevelopment by Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, the third edition (BSID-III), along with growth, hearing, and vision evaluation. RESULTS The mean corrected age at assessment was 21 months 11 days ± 1 month 28 days. We found developmental delay in nearly half of the children with scores below one standard deviation in either of the BSID-III domains. Mild delay in either motor, cognitive, or language domains was found in 9 (45%) children and moderate delay in 2 (10%). Expressive language, fine motor, and receptive language were predominantly affected. None of the children had hearing impairment, blindness, or significant growth faltering including clinically severe microcephaly. The mean composite cognitive, language, and motor scores were significantly lower in those with neurodevelopmental delay (p value - 0.02, 0.000, and 0.03, respectively) without any differences in their disease characteristics. CONCLUSION Neonates infected with SARS-CoV-2 have an increased risk of developmental delays in expressive language, fine motor, and receptive language skills at 18-24 months of age. The severity of delays is predominantly mild.
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