Understanding Lower Limb Amputation: A Review of the Strategies for Healthcare Improvement, Prevention, and Management

INTRODUCTION: Lower limb amputation (LLA) is a global health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. Factors such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, infections, and improper medical practices also contribute to Lower limb amputation. The personal, family, and socio-economic costs associated with amputation are substantial, emphasizing the need for preventive measures, improved healthcare resources, and support for amputees. METHODS: A literature review of Lower limb amputation and its associated risk factors, which focuses on hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetic complications, Indigenous ethnicity, and foot infections. RESULTS: It was revealed that the socio-economic impact of Lower limb amputation includes job loss and financial burdens. Also, access to rehabilitation services, stigma, and marginalization further complicate the lives of amputees. Furthermore, peripheral vascular disease is a significant risk factor, and chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes leads to diabetic foot syndrome and subsequent amputations. Lower limb amputation has a profound impact on quality of life and psychological well-being, particularly in rural areas where manual labor is prevalent. Strategies to address Lower limb amputation include prevention and management of diabetes-related complications, improved healthcare access, and awareness programs. Public health initiatives, health education campaigns, early detection, and affordable healthcare are also crucial in reducing amputation rates. Specific interventions for diabetic foot care, timely surgical intervention, and preserving limb length and function are important considerations. CONCLUSION: Multifaceted strategies are necessary for the effective management and prevention of lower limb amputation.