评估在种间杂交和配子育种基础上培育的茄子品系的生产潜力

S. Kondratenko, O. P. Samovol, O. V. Serhiienko, Yu. V. Tkalych, A. O. Marusyak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。通过与茄子(Solanum aethiopicum L.)的种间杂交和配子育种,改良栽培茄子(Solanum melongena L.)的基因库;分析决定产量结构的一系列有价值的数量性状的种间品系。方法。2021-2023 年期间,在国家农业科学院蔬菜和瓜类种植研究所实验基地的保护土壤条件下,对茄子种间品系进行了综合评估研究。对四个品系的植株进行了物候观察和生物测定。通过变异统计方法(计算均方偏差(σ)、变异系数(V)、皮尔逊配对线性相关(rp))确定了研究年份中七个数量性状表现的稳定性。结果通过分析发现,种间茄子品系在数量性状的水平和稳定性方面优于标准品种 "Almaz"。因此,F6(Pavlotas-20/变种'Almaz')I1 和 ВС1[F5 (Pavlotas-20/var. 'Almaz')]I1在统计上显著增加了果宽(分别增加了 16.48% 和 14.85%)。同时,与标准品种相比,品系 BC2 [F5(Pavlotas-20/变种'Almaz')]I1 表现出更高的产量(18.11%)。相关分析表明,"单株产量 "性状与 "单株果实数 "性状有很强的正相关关系(rp = 0.75),而与 "平均果实宽度"(rp = -0.70)和 "从大量发芽到技术果实成熟的持续时间"(rp = -0.72)有很强的负相关关系。与标准品种相比,所选品系 BC2[F5(Pavlotas-20 / var. 'Almaz')]I1 从大量发芽到技术果实成熟的时间缩短了 4 天。结论BC2[F5(Pavlotas-20 / var. 'Almaz')]I1 品系是根据数量性状的复杂性分离出来的。它又经历了配子体育种阶段,对生长条件具有很强的适应能力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of the productivity potential of eggplant lines developed on the basis of interspecific hybridisation and gametic breeding
Purpose. Improvement of the gene pool of the cultivated form of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) through interspecific hybridisation with Solanum aethiopicum L. and gametic breeding; analysis of the interspecific lines for a set of valuable quantitative traits determining the yield structure. Methods. Studies for the comprehensive evaluation of eggplant lines of interspecific origin were carried out during 2021-2023 in protected soil conditions at the experimental base of the Institute for Vegetable and Melon Growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences. Phenological observations and biometric measurements of plants of four lines were carried out. The stability of the manifestation of seven quantitative traits during the research years was determined by the methods of variation statistics (calculation of the mean square deviation (σ), coefficient of variation (V), Pearson's paired linear correlation (rp)). Results. The analysis identified eggplant lines of interspecific origin that were superior to the standard variety 'Almaz' in terms of the level and stability of quantitative traits. Thus, F6(Pavlotas-20/var. 'Almaz')I1 and ВС1[F5 (Pavlotas-20/var. 'Almaz')]I1 showed a statistically significant increase in fruit width (by 16.48% and 14.85%, respectively). Meanwhile, line BC2 [F5 (Pavlotas-20/var. 'Almaz')]I1 exhibited higher productivity (by 18.11%) compared to the standard variety. The correlation analysis shows that the trait “Productivity of one plant” has a strong positive relationship with the trait “Number of fruits per plant” (rp = 0.75) and a strong negative relationship with “Average fruit width” (rp = -0.70) and “Duration of the period from mass germination to technical fruit maturity” (rp = -0.72). The selected line BC2[F5(Pavlotas-20 / var. 'Almaz')]I1 exhibited a four-day shorter period from mass germination to technical fruit maturity compared to the standard variety. Conclusions. The line BC2[F5(Pavlotas-20 / var. ' Almaz ')]I1was isolated based on the complex of quantitative traits. It underwent an additional stage of gametophytic breeding, resulting in a high adaptive potential to growing conditions.
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