R. Kusiorowski, A. Gerle, Magdalena Kujawa, V. Antonovič, Renata Boris
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引用次数: 0
摘要
石棉是具有纤维特性的天然硅酸盐矿物的广泛名称。过去,石棉矿物以水泥-石棉复合材料的形式使用,是建筑业最常用、最廉价的原材料之一。如今,我们知道石棉具有致癌特性。因此,包括立陶宛在内的许多国家都禁止使用石棉。所有含石棉的材料都被视为废物,储存在专门的垃圾填埋场,这造成了严重的环境污染。热处理可能是解决石棉问题的方法之一。本研究考察了水泥石棉材料形式的含石棉废物。通过化学分析(XRF)、粉末 X 射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)对这些含石棉材料进行了表征。样品的热分解是通过差热分析(DTA)和热重测量与挥发气体分析(TG-EGA)进行研究的。研究发现,热处理是破坏水泥石棉废料中所含石棉并将其转化为新矿物相的一种可行方法。这项工作还将获得的石棉废物特征与其他国家生产的废物特征进行了比较。
Structural Characterisation of End-of-Life Cement–Asbestos Materials from Lithuania
Asbestos is a widely used name for natural silicate minerals with fibrous properties. Asbestos minerals were one of the most popular and cheapest raw materials used in the construction industry in the past when they was used in the form of cement–asbestos composite material. Nowadays, we know that asbestos possesses carcinogenic properties. Due to this fact, asbestos was banned in many countries including Lithuania. All asbestos-containing materials are considered waste and stored in special landfills, which causes significant environmental pollution. One of the methods proposed to solve the asbestos problem may be thermal treatment. In the present study, asbestos-containing wastes in the form of cement–asbestos materials were examined. These asbestos-containing materials were characterised via chemical analysis (XRF) connected with mineralogical phase analysis with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal decomposition of samples was studied via differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric measurements with evolved gas analysis (TG–EGA). It was found that thermal treatment is a possible way to destroy asbestos contained in cement–asbestos wastes and convert it into new mineral phases. The work also compared the obtained characteristics of asbestos waste with the characteristics of waste produced in other countries.