权力和爱与死亡的较量"加布里埃尔-加西亚-马尔克斯的《爱之外的死亡恒定

Kuğu Tekin
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摘要

本文以加布里埃尔-加西亚-马尔克斯的短篇小说《爱之外的死恒》为例,分析了他的政治讽刺小说的哲学和文学美学。分析的基础是作者对故事主人公--参议员奥内西莫-桑切斯--身上体现出的暴政统治者的共同性格特征、行为和目的的看法。作者以哲学家、皇帝马库斯-奥勒留(Marcus Aurelius)对存在的短暂性和人的必死性的沉思为背景,描写了这位醉心于权力的参议员在意识到自己即将死亡的情况下,仍妄图继续推行暴政。故事的中心主题是,被滥用的政治权力--无论其范围有多大--都受到人类短暂肉体存在的限制,或者更简单地说,受到死亡的限制。作者对《参议员》中虚构的不诚实政客的反思,展示了腐败是如何玷污社会中的每一个人。关于人类对权力的无限野心的本质和影响的讨论还借鉴了尼采的权力意志/生命意志等式,以及福柯关于抵抗-自由-权力命题的观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Power and love versus death: “Death Constant Beyond Love” by Gabriel García Márquez
This article analyses the philosophy and literary aesthetics of Gabriel García Márquez’s political satire with reference to his short story, “Death Constant beyond Love.” The analysis is based on the author’s views concerning the common personality traits, actions and ends of tyrannical rulers made manifest in the main character of the story – Senator Onesimo Sanchez. It is observed that the philosopher-emperor Marcus Aurelius’ meditations on the transience of existence, and the mortality of man serve as the backdrop to the power-drunk Senator’s vain attempts to keep exercising his tyranny despite his awareness of his looming death. The story’s central theme is that misused political power – no matter how wide its scope – is limited by man’s transient corporeal existence, or by death, to put it more simply. The author’s reflections upon dishonest politicians as fictionalized in the Senator display how corruption defiles each individual in society. The discussion on the nature and ramifications of man’s boundless ambition for power also draws on Nietzsche’s will to power/will to life equation, and Foucault’s views on resistance-freedom/power proposition.
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