Biological activity of soil and productivity of spring rape depending on the application of fertilizers in the background of defect application in the forest-steppe conditions of the CCR (Central chernozem region)

The results of four years of research to determine the effectiveness of the integrated use of beet defecate, microbiological, and mineral fertilizers on the biological activity of the soil, yield, and oil content of spring rape are presented. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Lipetsk region on leached chernozem in 2018–2021. The weather conditions of the studied years were very favorable for the development of rapeseed plants. The hydrothermal coefficient was 0.77 in 2018, 1.12 in 2019, 1.25 in 2020, and 1.78 in 2021. On average, the growing season for the options has lasted 111–118 days. A more extended period was noted in the variant with the introduction of a dose of defecate 12.6 t/ha, N140P70K100, against the background of treatment with Extrasol (118 days). The maximum degree of decomposition of flax cloth was established in the variant with doses of defecate fertilizer of 12.6 t/ha and mineral fertilizers N140P70K100 at a depth of application into the soil of up to 20 cm (more than 48%). The maximum average yield was observed against the background of 12.6 t/ha of defecate in the variant N140P70K100 + BSKa-3 (3.53 t/ha), N140P70K100 + Extrasol (3.40 t/ha) when applied in autumn and in the variants N140P70K100 + BSKa- 3 (3.43 t/ha), N140P70K100 + Extrasol (3.21 t/ha) when used in early spring. High oil content was noted in the variants by introducing a dose of defecate 12.6 t/ha and mineral fertilizers N90P40K50 against the background of treatments with microbiological fertilizers. The maximum fat content was noted in the defecate variant: 12.6 t/ha + N90P40K50 + Extrasol (42.5–42.7%).