Multidrug Resistance Pattern and Plasmid Profiling of ESBL and Carbapenemase Producing E. coli Isolates of Bovine Origin in Awadh Region of Uttar Pradesh

Background: Nowadays, the emergence and dissemination of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) constitutes a major public health concern. The extensive and inappropriate use of antibiotics may lead to development of multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms. The antibiotic resistant genes are mostly situated conjugative plasmids, which are horizontally transmitted from one species to another in highly populous country like India. Methods: Total 240 samples were collected from Ayodhya and Sultanpur districts of Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh (India). Confirmation of isolates was done by PCR analysis using species specific Uid A gene. ESBL and Carbapenemase producing isolates were confirmed using DDST, ESBL-E-strip and MBL E-strip test. Plasmid profile of these isolates was performed using GeneJet Plasmid Miniprep Kit and gel-electrophoresis. Result: In this study total 186 (77.5%) isolates of E. coli were confirmed by PCR analysis. Total 130(54.16%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL and 10(4.16%) as Carbapenemase producer using E-ESBL strip and MBL-E strip test. All ESBL and Carbapenemase positive isolates were found 99-100% sensitive against chloramphenicol, polypeptides and aminoglycosides group of antibiotics and 80-100% resistance against 3rd, 4th group of cephalosporins, monobactam and penicillin group of antibiotics. Total 76.18% ESBL positive and 100% Carbapenemase positive isolates were found MDR. Plasmid profiling revealed total 63.84% ESBL positive isolates carried plasmid of molecular weight in range of 1.5 to greater than 10kb with 1-3 number of bands and 80.0% Carbapenemase positive isolates carried plasmid with molecular weight 3 to greater than 10 kb with 1-3 number of bands.