Z. Ahamed, Jin-kyu Seo, Jeong-Uk Eom, Han-Sul Yang
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Volatile compounds for discrimination between beef, pork, and their
admixture using SPME-GC-MS and chemometrics analysis
27 This study addresses the prevalent issue of meat species authentication and adulteration 28 through a chemometrics-based approach, crucial for upholding public health and ensuring a 29 fair marketplace. Volatile compounds were extracted and analyzed using headspace-solid-30 phase-microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). 31 Adulterated meat samples were effectively identified through principal component analysis 32 (PCA) and partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Through variable importance 33 in projection (VIP) scores and a Random Forest test, 11 key compounds, including nonanal, 34 octanal, hexadecanal, benzaldehyde, 1-octanol, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, 35 and 2-acetylpyrrole for beef, and hexanal and 1-octen-3-ol for pork, were robustly identified 36 as biomarkers. These compounds exhibited a discernible trend in adulterated samples based on 37 adulteration ratios, evident in a heatmap. Notably, lipid degradation compounds strongly 38 influenced meat discrimination. PCA and PLS-DA yielded significant sample separation, with 39 the first two components capturing 80% and 72.1% of total variance, respectively. This 40 technique could be a reliable method for detecting meat adulteration in cooked meat. 41
期刊介绍:
ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.