嗪草酮对禾本科杂草的除草活性及其与不同小麦品种一起使用的安全性

Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.3390/agronomy14050885
Hongle Xu, Qiuli Leng, W. Su, Lanlan Sun, Jingping Cheng, Renhai Wu
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摘要

嗪草酮是一种潜在的芽前除草剂,可用于防除冬季麦田的禾本科杂草。为了确定嗪草酮对中国麦田常见禾本科杂草的除草活性及其对小麦的安全性,我们进行了以下实验:(i) 评估嗪草酮对 11 种禾本科杂草的药效;(ii) 确定其对 19 个小麦品种的安全性。结果表明,嗪草酮对一年生蓝草(Poa annua L.)、短芒狐尾(Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.)、细草甸狐尾(Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.)、日本狐尾草(Alopecurus japonicus Steud.)、意大利黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)、英国梯牧草(Phleum paniculatum Huds.)、小亚细亚蓝草(Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud.)、Helictotrichon tibeticum (Roshev.) Holub、和野燕麦(Avena fatua L.),植株高度的 GR50 值为 4.50-99.21 克活性成分/公顷,鲜重的 GR50 值为 1.43-70.34 克活性成分/公顷。然而,在 200 g a.i. ha-1 的剂量下,嗪草酮不能控制日本锦鸡儿(Bromus japonicus L.)或陶氏山羊草(Aegilops tauschii Coss.)。不同的小麦品种对嗪草酮的植物毒性不同。总体而言,在小麦上使用嗪草酮有植物毒性风险,主要是对小麦根部,在 400 克活性成分公顷-1 的剂量下,根长会减少 40.81-64.09%。这些研究结果表明,萌芽前除草剂嗪草酮对大多数禾本科杂草具有良好的防效,可能具有治理麦田杂草的潜力。不过,在麦田使用嗪草酮时应注意施药剂量和小麦品种的敏感性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Herbicidal Activity of Cinmethylin against Grass Weeds and Its Safety for Use with Different Wheat Varieties
Cinmethylin is a potential pre-emergence herbicide that could be used to control grass weeds in winter cereals. To determine the herbicidal activity of cinmethylin against common gramineous weeds in wheat fields in China and its level of safety on wheat, we conducted the following experiments: (i) assessing the efficacy of cinmethylin against 11 grass weeds and (ii) determining its safety against 19 wheat varieties. The results showed that cinmethylin had good herbicidal efficacy against annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), shortawn foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.), slender meadow foxtail (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.), Japanese foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus Steud.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), British timothy (Phleum paniculatum Huds.), Asia Minor bluegrass (Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud.), Helictotrichon tibeticum (Roshev.) Holub., and wild oat (Avena fatua L.), with a GR50 (the herbicide dose resulting in 50% growth inhibition) value of 4.50–99.21 g a.i. ha−1 in plant height and 1.43–70.34 g a.i. ha−1 in fresh weight. However, cinmethylin cannot control Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus L.) or Tausch’s goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.) at a dose of 200 g a.i. ha−1. Different wheat varieties varied in their phytotoxicity to cinmethylin. Overall, there is a phytotoxicity risk when using cinmethylin on wheat, mainly to wheat roots, with a reduction in root length of 40.81–64.09% at a dose of 400 g a.i. ha−1. These findings indicate that the pre-emergence herbicide cinmethylin provides good efficacy against most grass weeds and may possess potential for weed management in wheat fields. However, attention should be given to the application dosage and the sensitivity of wheat varieties when using cinmethylin in wheat fields.
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