应监管废水排放物中的新污染物:哪些以及在多大程度上?

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.3390/toxics12050309
Weiwei Yang, Qingwei Bu, Qianhui Shi, Ruiqing Zhao, Haitao Huang, Lei Yang, Jianfeng Tang, Yuning Ma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市污水处理厂(WWTPs)排放的污水是新兴污染物(ECs)的主要来源,需要进行有效监管。为此,我们收集了2012年至2022年中国污水处理厂排放的代表两大类ECs的药物(PHACs)和干扰内分泌的化学品(EDCs)的排放数据集,以建立暴露数据库。此外,利用物种敏感度分布(SSD)方法,得出高风险ECs的长期水质标准(LWQC)。結果共識別出 140 種氨基甲酸乙酯(124 種 PHAC 和 16 種 EDC),濃度由 N.D. (未檢測到)至 706 μg/L 不等。大部分数据集中在沿海地区和甘肃,甘肃、河北、山东、广东和香港的生态风险较高。利用评估因子法,确定了 18 种需要监管的高风险生态污染物。然而,只有卡马西平、布洛芬和双酚 A 这三种物质符合 SSD 方法的推导要求。這三種氨基甲酸乙酯的最低可容忍攝入量分別為每公升 96.4、1010 和 288 毫微克。卡马西平和双酚 A 的暴露数据超过了其得出的 LWQC,表明有必要加强对这些污染物的关注。这项研究阐明了中国污水处理厂中氨基甲酸乙酯的发生情况和风险,为城市污水处理设施中的氨基甲酸乙酯管理提供了理论和数据基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emerging Contaminants in the Effluent of Wastewater Should Be Regulated: Which and to What Extent?
Effluent discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a major source of emerging contaminants (ECs) requiring effective regulation. To this end, we collected discharge datasets of pharmaceuticals (PHACs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), representing two primary categories of ECs, from Chinese WWTP effluent from 2012 to 2022 to establish an exposure database. Moreover, high-risk ECs’ long-term water quality criteria (LWQC) were derived using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method. A total of 140 ECs (124 PHACs and 16 EDCs) were identified, with concentrations ranging from N.D. (not detected) to 706 μg/L. Most data were concentrated in coastal regions and Gansu, with high ecological risk observed in Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Guangdong, and Hong Kong. Using the assessment factor (AF) method, 18 high-risk ECs requiring regulation were identified. However, only three of them, namely carbamazepine, ibuprofen, and bisphenol-A, met the derivation requirements of the SSD method. The LWQC for these three ECs were determined as 96.4, 1010, and 288 ng/L, respectively. Exposure data for carbamazepine and bisphenol-A surpassed their derived LWQC, indicating a need for heightened attention to these contaminants. This study elucidates the occurrence and risks of ECs in Chinese WWTPs and provides theoretical and data foundations for EC management in urban sewage facilities.
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