土壤微生物组与肠道健康的范围审查--地球健康盘中是否缺少了土壤微生物?

IF 4.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
M. Roslund, Olli H. Laitinen, A. Sinkkonen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有证据表明,人类在进化过程中一直接触的土壤微生物对人类肠道微生物群的进化和免疫复原力至关重要。近几十年来,肠道微生物多样性随着城市化和全球生物多样性的丧失而减少。与此同时,慢性、非传染性炎症性疾病的发病率在城市化社会中不断上升。在此,我们研究了现有文献是否支持摄入土壤微生物群能提供免疫复原力的假设。我们的重点是找出研究空白和必须克服的挑战,以了解食用土壤对免疫复原力的影响。我们对经同行评审的实证文献进行了范围界定审查。检索的重点是让哺乳动物直接接触土壤并测量肠道微生物群和宿主反应的研究;共确定了 12 篇文章纳入综述,其中包括 4 篇人类研究、6 篇小鼠研究和 2 篇其他哺乳动物研究。研究表明,摄入土壤中的微生物有助于增强免疫力。由于存在各种挑战,特别是土壤的异质性以及与土壤生物和化学性质相关的风险,阻碍了全面了解口服土壤微生物对人体肠道微生物群和健康的影响。未来的研究应旨在精确测试口服土壤微生物对肠道微生物平衡和免疫复原的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Scoping review on soil microbiome and gut health—Are soil microorganisms missing from the planetary health plate?
Evidence suggests that soil microorganisms, to which humans have been exposed throughout our evolutionary history, were essential for the evolution of the human gut microbiome and immunological resilience. In recent decades, gut microbial diversity has decreased along with urbanization and global loss of biodiversity. At the same time, the prevalence of chronic, non‐communicable inflammatory diseases has been increasing in urbanized societies. Here, we investigate whether the existing literature supports the hypothesis that ingesting soil microbiota provides immunological resilience. We focus on identifying research gaps and challenges that must be overcome to understand the effects of eating soil on immunological resilience. A scoping review of the peer‐reviewed empirical literature was carried out. The search focused on studies that exposed mammals to direct soil contact and measured the gut microbiota and host response; 12 articles, including four human, six mouse and two other mammal studies, were identified for inclusion in the review. In addition, seven articles related to human health risks associated with soil consumption were included in the review. Studies indicate that ingesting soil‐bound microorganisms supports immunological resilience. There is a lack of intervention studies that include human study subjects that test orally the effect of soil microorganisms on the gut microbiota and immunological resilience. Challenges, particularly soil heterogeneity and risks related to soil biological and chemical properties, have prevented progress to fully understand the effect of oral intake of soil‐bound microorganisms on human gut microbiota and health. The results encourage the development of technologies that allow daily exposure to soil microbiota. Future research should be aimed to precisely test the importance of oral intake of soil‐bound microorganisms in gut microbial homeostasis and immunological resilience. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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People and Nature
People and Nature Multiple-
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
9.80%
发文量
103
审稿时长
12 weeks
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