回顾人为因素对自行车运动的影响:观念、工作量和行为

Karim Habib, L. Losada-Rojas, Nicholas N. Ferenchak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

骑自行车仍然是一种流行的交通方式,但骑自行车的人是易受伤害的道路使用者,面临着众多安全挑战。虽然人为因素研究通常侧重于机动车驾驶员,但针对主动交通使用者(如骑自行车者)的研究却很少。骑自行车的独特之处,如体力消耗、暴露在环境中以及基础设施脱节等,会影响骑车人的心理感知、工作量和行为,而这些都被认为会影响他们在道路上的安全。因此,本范围文献综述确定了影响骑车人工作量的因素,并探讨了用于量化心理工作量的不同措施。研究结果强调,年龄、基础设施、便携式设备和自行车类型是可能影响工作量水平的因素。然而,从骑车人的角度对他们的工作量进行的研究还很有限。本文总结了三种工作量测量方法:主观测量、性能测量和生理测量。这些方法已被用于量化骑车人和其他环境下的工作量。如果将它们用于量化骑车人的工作量,我们将对其优点和挑战进行反思。我们的讨论强调,未来的研究需要采取综合方法,同时考虑多种因素,以便更全面地了解这些因素对自行车运动员心理工作量的共同影响。此外,我们还强调了用心理生理学方法补充主观工作量测量方法的重要性,以提高准确性和可靠性。综述显示,缺乏专门针对自行车基础设施的数据和指南,这导致了骑车人的脆弱性,并强调有必要将之前的研究结果转化为可操作的建议,以改善骑车人的安全。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Review of the Impacts of Human Factors on Cycling: Perceptions, Workload, and Behavior
Cycling remains a popular mode of transportation, yet cyclists are vulnerable road users that face numerous safety challenges. Although human factors research typically focuses on motor vehicle drivers, studies addressing active transportation users, like cyclists, are scarce. The unique aspects of cycling, such as physical effort, exposure to the environment, and disconnected infrastructure, can affect cyclists’ mental perception, workload, and behavior, which are argued to influence their safety on the road. Therefore, this scoping literature review identified factors influencing cyclists’ workload and explored different measures used to quantify mental workload. The findings highlighted age, infrastructure, portable devices, and type of bike as factors that could affect workload levels. However, research on cyclists’ workload from their perspective is limited. This paper summarizes three types of workload measure: subjective, performance, and physiological. These have been used to quantify workload in relation to cyclists and in other settings. We reflect on their benefits and challenges were they to be used to quantify cyclists’ workload. Our discussion emphasizes the need for future research to take a comprehensive approach that considers multiple factors simultaneously to gain a more holistic understanding of their collective impact on cyclists’ mental workload. Moreover, we emphasize the importance of supplementing subjective workload measures with psychophysiological ones for better accuracy and reliability. The review revealed a lack of data and guidelines specific to cycling infrastructure, contributing to cyclists’ vulnerability, and underscored the need for previous findings to be translated into actionable recommendations to improve cyclist safety.
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