Brendan Martin PhD (Director), Michaela Reid BS, BA (Research Assistant), Charlie O’Hara PhD (Data Scientist)
{"title":"对农村注册护士和执业护士/执照职业护士群体的详细研究:支持整体劳动力规划的证据","authors":"Brendan Martin PhD (Director), Michaela Reid BS, BA (Research Assistant), Charlie O’Hara PhD (Data Scientist)","doi":"10.1016/S2155-8256(24)00029-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Research regarding the rural nursing workforce in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic suggested steady growth but lagging diversity and educational attainment. Limited data are available regarding the effects of the global health crisis on the rural nursing workforce.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To extend the literature on the rural nursing workforce and examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ self-reported emotional exhaustion and intent to leave.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The National Council of State Boards of Nursing’s 2022 National Nursing Workforce Survey was used for this analysis. Rural–Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes developed by the University of Washington and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service were used to classify providers’ primary place of employment as either urban or rural.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 3,480,612 registered nurses (RNs) and 669,338 licensed practical nurses/licensed vocational nurses (simply referred to as licensed practical nurses, or LPNs, throughout the study) were represented in the analysis. Rural RNs were significantly older (aged 47.6 vs. 45.9 years), were less diverse (male 10% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), and reported lower educational attainment (baccalaureate 54% vs. 40%) than their urban peers. Rural LPNs were also less diverse than urban LPNs (male 6% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), but they were similar in age (47.2 vs. 48.0 years) and education attainment (vocational/practical certificate 73% vs. 70%). More than half of all nurses reported some form of regular emotional exhaustion; results were consistent across RUCA classification. Practitioners younger than 35 years in both urban and rural areas reported significantly elevated workloads during the COVID-19 pandemic and heighted emotional distress, driving 12%–16% of these younger respondents to indicate they intend to leave nursing by 2027.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The rural nursing workforce in the United States provides a vital lifeline to patients who often present with more complex health issues and experience poorer health outcomes. Sustainable workforce development and planning requires attention to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ emotional exhaustion and intent to leave. The work of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing on these issues provides critical insight to ensuring the timely and equitable delivery of high-quality care to all Americans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nursing Regulation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Detailed Examination of the Rural Registered Nurse and Licensed Practical Nurse/Licensed Vocational Nurse Populations: Evidence to Support Holistic Workforce Planning\",\"authors\":\"Brendan Martin PhD (Director), Michaela Reid BS, BA (Research Assistant), Charlie O’Hara PhD (Data Scientist)\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/S2155-8256(24)00029-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Research regarding the rural nursing workforce in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic suggested steady growth but lagging diversity and educational attainment. Limited data are available regarding the effects of the global health crisis on the rural nursing workforce.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To extend the literature on the rural nursing workforce and examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ self-reported emotional exhaustion and intent to leave.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The National Council of State Boards of Nursing’s 2022 National Nursing Workforce Survey was used for this analysis. Rural–Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes developed by the University of Washington and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service were used to classify providers’ primary place of employment as either urban or rural.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 3,480,612 registered nurses (RNs) and 669,338 licensed practical nurses/licensed vocational nurses (simply referred to as licensed practical nurses, or LPNs, throughout the study) were represented in the analysis. Rural RNs were significantly older (aged 47.6 vs. 45.9 years), were less diverse (male 10% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), and reported lower educational attainment (baccalaureate 54% vs. 40%) than their urban peers. Rural LPNs were also less diverse than urban LPNs (male 6% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), but they were similar in age (47.2 vs. 48.0 years) and education attainment (vocational/practical certificate 73% vs. 70%). More than half of all nurses reported some form of regular emotional exhaustion; results were consistent across RUCA classification. Practitioners younger than 35 years in both urban and rural areas reported significantly elevated workloads during the COVID-19 pandemic and heighted emotional distress, driving 12%–16% of these younger respondents to indicate they intend to leave nursing by 2027.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The rural nursing workforce in the United States provides a vital lifeline to patients who often present with more complex health issues and experience poorer health outcomes. Sustainable workforce development and planning requires attention to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ emotional exhaustion and intent to leave. The work of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing on these issues provides critical insight to ensuring the timely and equitable delivery of high-quality care to all Americans.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":46153,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nursing Regulation\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nursing Regulation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2155825624000292\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NURSING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nursing Regulation","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2155825624000292","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NURSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Detailed Examination of the Rural Registered Nurse and Licensed Practical Nurse/Licensed Vocational Nurse Populations: Evidence to Support Holistic Workforce Planning
Background
Research regarding the rural nursing workforce in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic suggested steady growth but lagging diversity and educational attainment. Limited data are available regarding the effects of the global health crisis on the rural nursing workforce.
Purpose
To extend the literature on the rural nursing workforce and examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ self-reported emotional exhaustion and intent to leave.
Methods
The National Council of State Boards of Nursing’s 2022 National Nursing Workforce Survey was used for this analysis. Rural–Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes developed by the University of Washington and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service were used to classify providers’ primary place of employment as either urban or rural.
Results
In total, 3,480,612 registered nurses (RNs) and 669,338 licensed practical nurses/licensed vocational nurses (simply referred to as licensed practical nurses, or LPNs, throughout the study) were represented in the analysis. Rural RNs were significantly older (aged 47.6 vs. 45.9 years), were less diverse (male 10% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), and reported lower educational attainment (baccalaureate 54% vs. 40%) than their urban peers. Rural LPNs were also less diverse than urban LPNs (male 6% vs. 12%; White/Caucasian 92% vs. 78%; Hispanic/Latino 3% vs. 8%), but they were similar in age (47.2 vs. 48.0 years) and education attainment (vocational/practical certificate 73% vs. 70%). More than half of all nurses reported some form of regular emotional exhaustion; results were consistent across RUCA classification. Practitioners younger than 35 years in both urban and rural areas reported significantly elevated workloads during the COVID-19 pandemic and heighted emotional distress, driving 12%–16% of these younger respondents to indicate they intend to leave nursing by 2027.
Conclusion
The rural nursing workforce in the United States provides a vital lifeline to patients who often present with more complex health issues and experience poorer health outcomes. Sustainable workforce development and planning requires attention to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural nurses’ emotional exhaustion and intent to leave. The work of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing on these issues provides critical insight to ensuring the timely and equitable delivery of high-quality care to all Americans.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Nursing Regulation (JNR), the official journal of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN®), is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, academic and professional journal. It publishes scholarly articles that advance the science of nursing regulation, promote the mission and vision of NCSBN, and enhance communication and collaboration among nurse regulators, educators, practitioners, and the scientific community. The journal supports evidence-based regulation, addresses issues related to patient safety, and highlights current nursing regulatory issues, programs, and projects in both the United States and the international community. In publishing JNR, NCSBN''s goal is to develop and share knowledge related to nursing and other healthcare regulation across continents and to promote a greater awareness of regulatory issues among all nurses.