用于铁路数据驱动传感器维护的传感器网络智能设计

IF 6.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT
Alena Otto , Christian Tilk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着数字化的快速发展,交通、工业和日常生活中的许多关键过程都依赖于传感器测量。然而,随着时间的推移,测量结果可能会逐渐出现偏差,精度也会下降,从而导致因错误的传感器测量结果而造成重大干扰的风险增加。所有单一传感器的测量值都是不确定的,都会偏离真实值。为了及早发现故障传感器,每个传感器最近的一组测量值必须与一定数量的其他传感器的测量值不断进行交叉校验,即传感器应形成一个可诊断的网络。由此产生的传感器定位问题(SPP)属于有两个二元矩阵的协调集覆盖问题:一个矩阵中列的选择意味着另一个矩阵中特定列和行的选择。我们提出了一个整数程序,对 SPP 进行了一些形式分析,并设计了一种定制的大邻域搜索元启发式 RuM,它能快速找到接近最优的解。在计算实验中,我们发现如果忽略可诊断性要求,安装的传感器在大多数情况下无法充分地相互交叉检查。然而,只需增加几个(甚至不增加)传感器,就能确保传感器网络的可诊断性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Intelligent design of sensor networks for data-driven sensor maintenance at railways

With rapid advances in digitization, many critical processes in transportation, industries, and our daily life rely on sensor measurements. With time, however, the measurements may get gradually biased and their precision deteriorates, leading to an enhanced risk of major disruptions caused by false sensor measurements. All single sensor measurements are uncertain and deviate from the true value. To detect malfunctioning sensors early on, a set of recent measurements of each sensor has to be constantly cross-checked against the measurements of a given number of other sensors, i.e., sensors should form a diagnosable network.

In this article, we examine the intelligent positioning of safety-relevant sensors at railways such that the installed sensors can constantly cross-check each other and the number of the required sensors is minimized. The arising sensor positioning problem (SPP) belongs to the family of the coordinated set covering problems with two binary matrices: the choice of columns in one matrix implies the selection of specific columns and rows in the other matrix. We formulate an integer program, provide some formal analysis of the SPP and design a customized large neighborhood search metaheuristic RuM, which finds close-to-optimality solutions fast. In our computational experiments, we show that if we ignore the diagnosability requirement, the installed sensors cannot sufficiently cross-check each other in most cases. However, it costs only a few (or even no) additional sensors to ensure the diagnosability of the sensor network.

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来源期刊
Omega-international Journal of Management Science
Omega-international Journal of Management Science 管理科学-运筹学与管理科学
CiteScore
13.80
自引率
11.60%
发文量
130
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Omega reports on developments in management, including the latest research results and applications. Original contributions and review articles describe the state of the art in specific fields or functions of management, while there are shorter critical assessments of particular management techniques. Other features of the journal are the "Memoranda" section for short communications and "Feedback", a correspondence column. Omega is both stimulating reading and an important source for practising managers, specialists in management services, operational research workers and management scientists, management consultants, academics, students and research personnel throughout the world. The material published is of high quality and relevance, written in a manner which makes it accessible to all of this wide-ranging readership. Preference will be given to papers with implications to the practice of management. Submissions of purely theoretical papers are discouraged. The review of material for publication in the journal reflects this aim.
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