Structure and Dynamics for Graphs of Interplanetary Magnetic Field Vectors

Abstract

The paper applies the methods of information theory to the study of the interplanetary magnetic field and its variations as a result of solar activity. The statistical regularities of the projections of the vectors of the interplanetary magnetic field and the speed of the flow of solar wind particles do not carry information about the order of realization for the available states of the studied physical system. At the same time, such characteristics can be obtained from phase diagrams or phase portraits created on the basis of experimental samples in subspaces of the phase space, which display both the values of vector quantities and the sequence order in a particular time series. The paper proposes a method for synthesizing vector graphs in the phase subspace of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Results are considered of the reconstruction and analysis of implemented graphs based on the time series of satellite monitoring of the state of the IMF, provided by the database of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center since the beginning of 2023. The graph is constructed on the basis of experimental samples for projections of magnetic field vectors. Field vectors converge and diverge at the nodes of the graph, the edges of the graph allow one to control the analyzed trajectory of the system in the phase subspace and restore the transition tree for a particular vector field. The concept of a spherical reference surface of a vector graph is introduced, which allows one to bring the compared implementations of graphs to a single linear scale and a single curvature of the reference surface. Examples are considered under the action of various external factors associated with the solar magnetic field and coronal mass ejections.