用于光电子学和太阳能转换的硫化磷半导体

Lena A Mittmann, Andrea Crovetto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

无机磷硫化物--含有磷、硫和至少一种金属的材料--是一种种类繁多、化学性质多变的材料。由于磷的氧化态多种多样,硫化磷半导体既可以是具有各种类型 P-S 多阴离子的硫代磷酸盐化合物,也可以是具有或不具有 P-P 键的真正多阴离子化合物,还可以是固溶体以及许多中间体。由于金属磷化物和金属硫化物是性能最高的光电半导体之一,因此将磷硫化物家族视为太阳能电池、光电化学电池和发光二极管的潜在材料库似乎是合理的。然而,人们很少从这些应用的角度对硫化磷半导体进行研究。在这篇视角文章中,我们探讨了已知和假设的磷硫化物作为光吸收剂和发射器在光电设备中的潜在应用。首先,我们提炼了可通过材料项目数据库获取的现有知识,从数据库中已有的化合物中找到了有前景的磷硫化物,并确定了我们认为磷硫化物作为光电材料的一般优势和挑战。然后,我们提出了三个具体的研究方向,旨在找到具有高光吸收系数、高载流子迁移率和长载流子寿命的新型优质硫化磷半导体。特别是,我们认为可以利用磷在这一类材料中的多功能性来设计缺陷容限。最后,我们描述并解释了专门用于高通量探索薄膜磷硫化物的定制合成装置的优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Phosphosulfide semiconductors for optoelectronics and solar energy conversion
Inorganic phosphosulfides—materials containing phosphorus, sulfur, and at least one metal—are a vast and chemically-versatile family of materials. Benefiting from a wide range of possible phosphorus oxidation states, phosphosulfide semiconductors exist as thiophosphate compounds with various types of P–S polyanions, as genuine multi-anion compounds with or without P–P bonds, as solid solutions, and as many intermediate cases. Since metal phosphides and metal sulfides are among the highest-performing optoelectronic semiconductors, it seems reasonable to consider the phosphosulfide family as a potential pool of materials for solar cells, photoelectrochemical cells, and light-emitting diodes. Nevertheless, phosphosulfide semiconductors have very rarely been characterized with these applications in mind. In this perspective article, we reflect on the potential applicability of known and hypothetical phosphosulfides as light absorbers and emitters in optoelectronic devices. First, we distill the existing knowledge accessible through the Materials Project database, finding promising phosphosulfides among the compounds already present in the database and identifying what we see as the general advantages and challenges of phosphosulfides as optoelectronic materials. Then, we propose three concrete research directions aimed at finding novel high-quality phosphosulfide semiconductors with high light absorption coefficients, high carrier mobilities, and long carrier lifetimes. In particular, we argue that the versatility of phosphorus in this class of materials could potentially be exploited to engineer defect tolerance. Finally, we describe and explain the advantages of a custom synthesis setup dedicated to high-throughput exploration of thin-film phosphosulfides.
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