Registration of ‘FL12034-10’ oat: A new dual-purpose disease resistant cultivar for Florida and southern United States

‘FL12034-10’ (Reg. no. CV-389, PI 704483), a facultative oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar, co-developed by the University of Florida and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, was released in October 2022. FL12034-10 was derived from a three-way cross LA06055SBSBSB-79/FL11048 F₁. It is well adapted across the southern United States and provides producers with a medium-tall, mid-season, awnless, white-glumed, dual-purpose oat that has high yield potential, good straw strength, and good forage yield. FL12034-10 was observed to be uniform and stable across environments in the southern United States from 2017 to present. The line possesses a semi-prostrate growth habit, vigorous growth, and high tillering capacity, and has large leaves that are dark green in color. It expresses moderate-to-high levels of resistance to most oat diseases prevalent in the southern United States. The crown and stem rust and Barley yellow dwarf virus ratings (0–9 scale) of FL12034-10 were 1.7, 0.7, and 1.5, respectively, across different environments. The disease ratings were better than most of the checks. The grain yield average of FL12034-10 from 41 environments during 2018–2021 was 6437 kg ha⁻¹, which is competitive with check cultivars that are widely used in the southern part of the United States. The forage yield of FL12034-10 ranged from 2358 to 6617 kg ha⁻¹ (20 environments), which was higher than most of the checks. FL12034-10 demonstrated better lodging and disease resistance, higher grain yield potential, and higher mid-winter to late spring season forage yield potential than Horizon 720 and Legend 567 oats released by University of Florida.