了解美国石炭纪中期阿纳达科盆地碎屑岩系列中植硅酸盐相关胶结物中的菱铁矿化。

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Owen F. Smith, Branimir ŠegviĆ, Dustin E. Sweet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究深入探讨了阿纳达科盆地紧密互层的双相泥岩至砂岩宾夕法尼亚地层中菱铁矿胶结的起源。从 80 个菱铁矿样本及其附近的非菱铁矿区域收集了矿物学、地球化学和稳定同位素数据。从几何学角度来看,菱铁矿化以凝块或条带的形式出现,后者是最常见的纹理类型,仅出现在泥岩中,而前者则同时出现在砂岩和泥岩中。这项微纹理和地球化学研究认为,菱铁矿是沉积物-水界面生物过程的衍生物。以无处不在的纳米球状结构表示的细菌细胞壁在矿化区域占主导地位。矿物定量显示,与未矿化的沉积物相比,矿化区内的植硅酸盐含量更高,这反映出粘土矿物作为生物必需阳离子、可变氧化铁和微生物菌落繁衍所需的有机物的来源所发挥的作用。生物菱铁矿形成后,能量有利的矿化表面成为进一步沉淀富含 16O 的中生无机菱铁矿的核。第二次中生胶结的特征是纳米球体外缘的斜方体菱铁矿过度生长,镁浓度不断增加。已确定的条带和凝块形成于海平面相对较高的时期,而菱铁矿胶结的内凝块则在海平面相对较低的时期被侵蚀并沉积到下游。成因菱铁矿中相对较低的(钙-镁)/铁替代率证实了这一点,这是流星水为主的地层中典型的矿化现象。最后,根据 12C 富集和纹理观察(表明亚缺氧地球化学条件),我们得出结论,菱铁矿早期形成的能力使其能够通过包裹石英和抑制其过度生长过程来维持岩石净孔隙度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding siderite mineralization in phyllosilicate-associated cementations in the mid-Carboniferous Anadarko Basin clastic series, U.S.A.
The present study provides insights into the origin of siderite cementation in closely interbedded bipartite mudstone to sandstone Pennsylvanian strata from the Anadarko Basin. Mineralogical, geochemical, and stable-isotope data were collected from 80 siderite samples and their immediate non-siderite-bearing regions. Geometrically, siderite mineralization occurs in the form of concretions or bands, with the latter being the most common textural type and occurring solely in mudstone, whereas the former is found in both sandstone and mudstone. This microtextural and geochemical investigation posits siderite as a derivate of biological processes at the sediment–water interface. Bacteria cell walls denoted by an omnipresent nanoglobule structure dominate the areas of mineralization. Mineral quantifications indicate higher phyllosilicate content within the mineralization compared to the non-mineralized sediment reflecting the role the clay minerals provide as a source of bio-essential cations, labile FeOx, and organic matter needed for microbial colonies to flourish. Following the formation of biological siderite, the energetically favorable mineralization surfaces served as nuclei for further precipitation of mesogenetic inorganic siderite enriched in 16O. The second mesogenetic cementation features rhombohedral siderite overgrowths with increasing Mg-concentration on the outer rims of nanoglobules. The identified bands and concretions were formed during periods of relative sea-level highs, whereas the siderite-cemented intraclasts were eroded and deposited downstream during times of relative sea-level lows. This is corroborated by relatively low (Ca-Mg)/Fe substitution in eogenetic siderite, typical of mineralization in meteoric-water-dominated realms. Finally, based on enrichment in 12C and textural observations, which suggest suboxic geochemical conditions, we conclude that the ability of siderite to form early on allowed it to maintain net rock porosity by encasing quartz and inhibiting its overgrowth process.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
50
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal is broad and international in scope and welcomes contributions that further the fundamental understanding of sedimentary processes, the origin of sedimentary deposits, the workings of sedimentary systems, and the records of earth history contained within sedimentary rocks.
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