{"title":"胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂与 2 型糖尿病的治疗前后对比。","authors":"Michael Horowitz, Lu Cai, Md Shahidul Islam","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.326","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari <i>et al</i> published in the <i>World Journal of Diabetes</i> (2024). Alqifari <i>et al</i> focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information. We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the 'incretin effect', the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose, and the identification of the incretin hormones, GIP and GLP-1. In addition to stimulating insulin, GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying. GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life. The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week. They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia, stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection. The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly, with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss. There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and the management of type 2 diabetes-backwards and forwards.\",\"authors\":\"Michael Horowitz, Lu Cai, Md Shahidul Islam\",\"doi\":\"10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.326\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari <i>et al</i> published in the <i>World Journal of Diabetes</i> (2024). Alqifari <i>et al</i> focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information. We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the 'incretin effect', the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose, and the identification of the incretin hormones, GIP and GLP-1. In addition to stimulating insulin, GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying. GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life. The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week. They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia, stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection. The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly, with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss. There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.\",\"PeriodicalId\":48607,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"World Journal of Diabetes\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"World Journal of Diabetes\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.326\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World Journal of Diabetes","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.326","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and the management of type 2 diabetes-backwards and forwards.
This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes (2024). Alqifari et al focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information. We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the 'incretin effect', the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose, and the identification of the incretin hormones, GIP and GLP-1. In addition to stimulating insulin, GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying. GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life. The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week. They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia, stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection. The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly, with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss. There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.
期刊介绍:
The WJD is a high-quality, peer reviewed, open-access journal. The primary task of WJD is to rapidly publish high-quality original articles, reviews, editorials, and case reports in the field of diabetes. In order to promote productive academic communication, the peer review process for the WJD is transparent; to this end, all published manuscripts are accompanied by the anonymized reviewers’ comments as well as the authors’ responses. The primary aims of the WJD are to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive modalities and the skills of clinicians and to guide clinical practice in diabetes. Scope: Diabetes Complications, Experimental Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes, Gestational, Diabetic Angiopathies, Diabetic Cardiomyopathies, Diabetic Coma, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Diabetic Nephropathies, Diabetic Neuropathies, Donohue Syndrome, Fetal Macrosomia, and Prediabetic State.