地球物理方法揭示航空影响并为历史飞机坠毁地点的法医考古复原提供信息

IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
William Chadwick, Andrea Palmiotto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文展示了地面穿透雷达(GPR)在法医考古学中的应用,为从与冲突有关的历史性飞机坠毁地点寻找失踪军人的工作提供了参考。这种方法正变得越来越普遍,并通过在发掘之前精确定位潜在的地下异常点来改进恢复策略。本文介绍了在二战飞机坠毁地点进行寻回工作的两个实例,揭示了飞机撞击造成的地貌动荡特征的多样性。在这两种情况下,GPR 都成功定位了地物边界,并确定了航空撞击。由于飞机坠毁的轨迹和速度以及受影响景观的地形等因素,这两种情况下的景观特征各不相同。值得注意的是,在一个坠机地点发现了 "光环 "效应,显示了对沙质土壤的冲击力。认识到这些人为信号对于促进有效的恢复战略非常重要,从而节省时间、人力和资金,特别是在历史遗址中,事故后的岩石学条件严重改变了地貌形态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Geophysical Methods Reveal Aviation Impacturbation and Inform Forensic Archaeological Recovery of Historic Aircraft Crash Sites

This paper demonstrates the utility of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to inform forensic archaeology recovery efforts of missing service members from historic conflict-related aircraft crash sites. This approach is becoming more common and improving recovery strategies by pinpointing potential subsurface anomalies prior to excavation. Two examples of recovery efforts at WWII aircraft crash sites are presented, revealing the diversity of landscape upheaval signatures that result from aircraft impacts. In both situations, the GPR successfully located feature boundaries and identified aviation impacturbation. The landscape signature varied in both cases due to factors including the trajectory and velocity of the aircraft crash and the topography of the impacted landscape. Notably, a ‘halo’ effect was identified in association with one crash site, revealing the force of the impact on sandy soils. Recognition of these anthropogenic signals is important to promote effective recovery strategies, thus saving time, labour and funds, particularly in historic sites where postincident taphonomic conditions have severely altered the morphology of the landscape.

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来源期刊
Archaeological Prospection
Archaeological Prospection 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
11.10%
发文量
31
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of the Journal will be international, covering urban, rural and marine environments and the full range of underlying geology. The Journal will contain articles relating to the use of a wide range of propecting techniques, including remote sensing (airborne and satellite), geophysical (e.g. resistivity, magnetometry) and geochemical (e.g. organic markers, soil phosphate). Reports and field evaluations of new techniques will be welcomed. Contributions will be encouraged on the application of relevant software, including G.I.S. analysis, to the data derived from prospection techniques and cartographic analysis of early maps. Reports on integrated site evaluations and follow-up site investigations will be particularly encouraged. The Journal will welcome contributions, in the form of short (field) reports, on the application of prospection techniques in support of comprehensive land-use studies. The Journal will, as appropriate, contain book reviews, conference and meeting reviews, and software evaluation. All papers will be subjected to peer review.
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